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      Die Religionen der Menschheit

      Begründet vonChristel Matthias Schröder

      Fortgeführt und herausgegeben von

      Peter Antes, Manfred Hutter, Jörg Rüpke und Bettina Schmidt

      Band Band 27,2

      Cover: The Duke of Sussex’ Italian Pentateuch (British Library MS15423 f35v) Italy, ca. 1441–1467.

      Burton L. Visotzky/Michael Tilly (Eds.)

      Judaism II

      Literature

      Verlag W. Kohlhammer

      Translations: David E. Orton, Blandford Forum, Dorset, England.

      1. Auflage 2021

      Alle Rechte vorbehalten

      © W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart

      Gesamtherstellung: W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart

      Print:

      ISBN 978-3-17-032583-8

      E-Book-Formate:

      pdf: ISBN 978-3-17-032584-5

      epub: ISBN 978-3-17-032585-2

      mobi: ISBN 978-3-17-032586-9

      All rights reserved. This book or parts thereof may not be reproduced in any form, stored in any retrieval system, or transmitted in any form by any means—electronic, mechanical, photocopy, recording, microfilm/microfiche or otherwise—without prior written permission of W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart, Germany.

      Any links in this book do not constitute an endorsement or an approval of any of the services or opinions of the corporation or organization or individual. W. Kohlhammer GmbH bears no responsibility for the accuracy, legality or content of the external site or for that of subsequent links.

      Judaism, the oldest of the Abrahamic religions, is one of the pillars of modern civilization. A collective of internationally renowned experts cooperated in a singular academic enterprise to portray Judaism from its transformation as a Temple cult to its broad contemporary varieties. In three volumes the long-running book series ›Die Religionen der Menschheit‹ (Religions of Humanity) presents for the first time a complete and compelling view on Jewish life now and then – a fascinating portrait of the Jewish people with its ability to adapt itself to most different cultural settings, always maintaining its strong and unique identity. Volume II presents Jewish literature and thinking: the Jewish Bible; Hellenistic, Tannaitic, Amoraic and Gaonic literature to medieval and modern genres. Chapters on mysticism, Piyyut, Liturgy and Prayer complete the volume.

      Prof. Dr. Michael Tilly is head of the Institute for Ancient Judaism and Hellenistic Religions at the Faculty of Protestant Theology at Tübingen University.

      Prof. Dr. Burton L. Visotzky serves as Appleman Professor of Midrash and Interreligious Studies at the Jewish Theological Seminary of America (NYC).

      Content

      Foreword

      1 Die Wissenschaft des Judentums

      2 World War II and Vatican II

      3 Jacob Neusner resets the agenda

      4 Martin Hengel, (Judaism and Hellenism)

      5 The New Academy

      6 Kohlhammer’s

      The Jewish Bible: Traditions and Translations

      Emanuel Tov

      1 The Transmission of Hebrew Scripture in Jewish Channels

      2 The Traditional Hebrew Text of the Bible: The Masoretic Text

      2.1 The Medieval Masoretic Text and Its Forerunner, Proto-MT

      2.1.1 Proto-MT and the Judean Desert Texts

      2.1.2 The Socio-religious Background of the Judean Desert Texts

      2.1.3 The Origins of the Proto-MT

      2.1.4 How the Proto-MT Was Created

      2.2 The Scribes of the Proto-Masoretic Text and Their Practices

      2.2.1 Precision Copying

      2.2.2 Rabbinic Traditions about the Use of Corrected Scrolls

      2.3 The Forerunners of the Proto-Masoretic Text

      2.3.1 Precise Transmission of Inconsistent Spelling

      2.3.2 Internal differences within the various books

      2.3.3 Scribal Marks

      2.4 Key Characteristics of the Masoretic Text

      2.4.1 Consistency in Spelling

      2.4.2 Diversity

      2.5 The Masoretic Text Compared with the Other Texts

      2.6 Traditional Judaism’s Relationship to Other Text Traditions

      2.7 Comparing Details in MT to Other Text Traditions

      2.8 Variation in Editions of MT

      2.8.1 The Leningrad and Aleppo Codices

      2.8.2 Scholarly Editions

      2.8.3 Translations: Ancient and Modern

      2.8.4 Modern Translations

      2.8.5 Translation Fashions

      3 Biblical Scrolls from the Dead Sea

      4 The Septuagint and the Other Greek Translations

      4.1 The Septuagint

      4.1.1 Name and Nature

      4.1.2 Scope

      4.1.3 Sequence of the Books

      4.1.4 Original Form, Jewish Background, Place, and Date

      4.1.5 Evidence

      4.1.6 The Greek Language of the LXX

      4.1.7 Translation Character and Textual Analysis

      4.1.8 The World of the Translators

      4.1.9 Hebrew Source of the LXX

      4.1.10 The Greek Versions and Christianity

      4.2 The Other Greek Translations

      4.2.1 Kaige-Theodotion

      4.2.2 Aquila

      4.2.3 Symmachus

      4.3 Targumim

      4.3.1 Targumim to the Torah

      4.3.2 Targum to the Prophets

      4.3.3 Targumim to the Hagiographa

      5 Summary

      For Further Reading

      Jewish Literature in the Hellenistic-Roman Period (350 BCE–150 CE)

      Michael Tilly

      1 Introduction

      1.1 Judaism and Hellenism

      1.1.1 Koine

      1.1.2 Texts and Traditions

      2 Historical and Legendary Texts

      3 Fragments of Hellenistic-Jewish Historians

      4 Teachings in Narrative Form

      5 Teachings in Didactic Form

      6 Poetic Writings

      7 Apocalyptic Literature

      8 Dead Sea Scrolls

      9 Philo of Alexandria

      10 Flavius Josephus

      For Further Reading

      Tannaitic Literature

      Günter Stemberger

      1

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