Continuing Korean - Ross King

Скачать книгу

is included 포함돼 있지 않아요 is not included 드-ᄅ- go into 들어 있어요 is contained 들어 있지 않아요 is not contained

      Here are some more examples of resultant state compound verb expressions in sentences.

17. 서비스는 포함돼 있어요? Is the service included?
18. 나는 누워 있지도，앉아 있지도 않았어요. 서 있었어요. I was neither lying down or sitting. I was standing.
19. 저 창문이 열려 있어요? Is that window over there open?
20. 난방，냉방 장치가 다 돼 있습니다. Heating and air-conditioning installations are all in place.
Note that verbs denoting wearing behave somewhat differently and do not take this construction. Instead, they use the -고 있어요 pattern, which is ambiguous between the two meanings of is wearing [i.e., is in the state resulting from having put on], and is in the process of putting on.
21. 만호 씨는 넥타이를 매고 있어요. Manho is wearing a tie, or Manho is putting on a tie.
22. 수진 씨는 청바지를 입고 있어요. Sujin is wearing blue jeans, or Sujin is putting on blue jeans.

      17.3. The Exploratory Pattern in -어 봐요

      Observe the following sentences.

23. 회사에 전화를 걸어 보세요. Try making a call to the company.
24. 김치를 먹어 봤어요? Have you tried eating kimchee?
The verb 봐요 ordinarily means looks, sees, reads. As an auxiliary verb following an infinitive, however, it means tries doing—not attempts to do but tries doing—samples the act to see what it’s like, does it to see (just how it will be, how it will turn out, etc.)—an exploratory construction. Some actions are by their very nature exploratory. You have learned the base 물- ask, but this almost always occurs with 보- as 물어보- ask (and see what answer you get). Here are some more examples.
25. 한국말로 편지를 써 봤어요. I tried writing a letter in Korean.
26. 일본 신문을 읽어 봤어요. I glanced through a Japanese newspaper.
27. 영국에 가 보셨어요? Have you ever been to England [to see how you’d like it]?
28. 한국에서 여행해 보셨어요? Have you traveled in Korea?
29. 새 옷을 입어 볼까요? Shall I try on the new clothes?
30. 새 신을 신어 보고 있어요. I’m trying on some new shoes.
31. 새 모자를 써 볼게요. I’ll try on my new hat.
32. 한국에서 살아 보고 싶어요. I wish I could live in Korea (to see what it would be like).

      17.4. Doing Favors with 줘요(주어요)

      To tell about a favor done for someone, you use a compound consisting of the infinitive plus a word for give—either 줘요 gives (to anyone) or 드려요 gives (to someone esteemed). Though it need not be present in a sentence, if you wish to specify the person for whom the favor is done, this person is treated as the indirect object and takes the particle 한테 (or 에게) or its honorific equivalent 께.

33. 택시를 불러 주시겠어요? Would you please call me a cab?
34. 그 친구는 나를 많이 도와 줘요. 부모님도 늘 도와 드리고요. That friend helps me a lot. And he’s always helping his parents, too.
35. 그 친구는 지난주에 책 1권을 나한테 사 줬고，어머니께 꽃을 사 드렸어요. Last week he bought a book for me and (bought) some flowers for my mother.
36. 내일 7시까지 깨워 주실래요? Would you mind waking me up by 7 tomorrow?
37. 오늘은 내가 점심값을 내 줄게요. Today I’ll treat you to lunch.
38. 옆집 아주머니가 우리 아이를 좀 봐 주고 있어요. The lady next door is looking (after) my child for me.
39. 어머니께 결혼 사진을 보여 드렸어요? Did you show Mother the wedding photos?
40. 할아버님께 선물을 부쳐 드렸어요. I sent Grandfather a present.
41. 힘드시지요? 그럼 제가 도와 드릴게요. > That task is difficult, isn’t it? Then let me help you.
42. 잠깐 기다려 주시겠어요? Will you wait for me a moment, please?
43. 와 주셔서 감사합니다. Thanks for coming.

      17.5. Verbs: Nominalizer Form -기

      The one-shape nominalizer ending -기 is attached to bases in exactly the same way as is the -고 form (see sections 9.5. and 16.1.) Thus, L-extending verbs attach in their extended form: 파-ᄅ- → 팔기 sell, etc. You can make past forms by attaching it to past bases, and future forms by attaching it to future bases.

Base Type Nominalizer Pronunciation
Present/Plain 하기
Past 했기 해끼
Future 하겠기 하게끼

Скачать книгу