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of the terminal as well the mid segment was tailored. The enantiomeric triblock copolymers were blended in equal ratios to achieve the sc blends of triblock copolymers. Such blends of triblock copolymers resulted in a significant improvement in the elongation at break (~400 ‐ 700%) as well as Young’s modulus (0.3 ‐ 0.9 GPa), with a very low degree of sc crystallinity. The adhesion and growth of UMR‐106 cells (rat bone osteosarcoma) on the surface of the developed sc triblock copolymer further indicated its non‐toxic nature. [100].

      5.5.3 sc‐PLA–PEG Copolymers

Mulchandani et al. [70] Mulchandani et al. [100] Noack et al. [77] Sun et al. [79] Gupta et al. [80] Gupta et al. [81] Gupta et al. [82]
Copolymer/composite sc‐PLA/PCL sc‐PLA/PCL sc‐PLA/PEG sc‐PLA/GO sc‐PLA/chitosan sc‐PLA/CMC sc‐PLA/n‐HAP
T m,hc (°C) 171–177 167–173 150 152–180 152–178
T m,sc (°C) 210–235 218–222 140–200 210 192–208 211 210
ΔH m,hc (J/g) 10–23 3.9–27.7 0–28
ΔH m,sc (J/g) 30–42 22–45.3 20–40 17–55
Crystallinity sc (%) 1–9 40–70 ~70 55 12–39
Tensile strength (MPa) 14–30 15–33 29–63 29–57 33–40
Elongation at break (%) 7–80 400–700 1.9–36 6.3–131
Young’s modulus (GPa) 0.3–0.7 0.3 – 0.9 1.9–2.8

      Stereocomplexation has been used by researchers to impart heat stability to composites. In principle, when the desired properties cannot be achieved by a single component, the incorporation of several fillers may lead to the tailored/desired properties. Stereocomplexed PLA is known for its enhanced thermal resistance, which has been incorporated and modified with fillers such as hydroxyapatite, chitosan, cellulose, graphene, and so on to obtain materials with customized properties. To this end, Total Corbion PLA, a European joint venture company, has already started the development of glass fiber‐reinforced sc‐PLA as an engineering plastic for automotive, aerospace, electronics, home appliance, marine, and construction industries [83]. Sun et al. have grafted graphene oxide (GO) to PDLA by ROP of D‐lactide, where the OH groups on the GO acted as initiator [79]. The grafted PDLA was then blended with PLLA in solution for casting of sc nanocomposite films. The activation energy of crystallization was lowered along with an increased fraction of sc crystallites and improved crystallinity of the nanocomposites, as compared with the PLLA/PDLA blends without the GO filler. This effect may be attributed to the heterogeneous nucleation of GO. The cold crystallization, however, led to lower crystallinity, possibly due to the reduced chain mobility and hindered crystal growth resulting from the exfoliated GO sheets.

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