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      This page was last updated on 1 January 2002

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      Anguilla

      Introduction

      Anguilla

      Background: Colonized by English settlers from Saint Kitts in 1650, Anguilla was administered by Great Britain until the early 19th century, when the island - against the wishes of the inhabitants - was incorporated into a single British dependency along with Saint Kitts and Nevis. Several attempts at separation failed. In 1971, two years after a revolt, Anguilla was finally allowed to secede; this arrangement was formally recognized in 1980 with Anguilla becoming a separate British dependency.

      Geography Anguilla

      Location: Caribbean, island in the Caribbean Sea, east of Puerto Rico

      Geographic coordinates: 18 15 N, 63 10 W

      Map references: Central America and the Caribbean

      Area: total: 102 sq km water: 0 sq km land: 102 sq km

      Area - comparative: about half the size of Washington, DC

      Land boundaries: 0 km

      Coastline: 61 km

      Maritime claims: exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 3 NM

      Climate: tropical; moderated by northeast trade winds

      Terrain: flat and low-lying island of coral and limestone

      Elevation extremes: lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point:

       Crocus Hill 65 m

      Natural resources: salt, fish, lobster

      Land use: arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (mostly rock with sparse scrub oak, few trees, some commercial salt ponds) (1998 est.)

      Irrigated land: NA sq km

      Natural hazards: frequent hurricanes and other tropical storms (July to October)

      Environment - current issues: supplies of potable water sometimes cannot meet increasing demand largely because of poor distribution system

      Geography - note: the most northerly of the Leeward Islands in the

       Lesser Antilles

      People Anguilla

      Population: 12,446 (July 2002 est.)

      Age structure: 0-14 years: 25% (male 1,575; female 1,529) 15-64 years: 68.1% (male 4,356; female 4,124) 65 years and over: 6.9% (male 383; female 479) (2002 est.)

      Population growth rate: 2.44% (2002 est.)

      Birth rate: 14.94 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)

      Death rate: 5.54 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)

      Net migration rate: 15.02 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)

      Sex ratio: at birth: 1.02 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.8 male(s)/female total population: 1.03 male(s)/female (2002 est.)

      Infant mortality rate: 23.68 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)

      Life expectancy at birth: 79.5 years (2002 est.) male: Total fertility rate: 1.77 children born/woman (2002 est.)

      HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate: NA%

      HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS: NA

      HIV/AIDS - deaths: NA

      Nationality: noun: Anguillan(s) adjective: Anguillan

      Ethnic groups: black (predominant), mulatto, white

      Religions: Anglican 40%, Methodist 33%, Seventh-Day Adventist 7%,

       Baptist 5%, Roman Catholic 3%, other 12%

      Languages: English (official)

      Literacy: definition: age 12 and over can read and write total population: 95% male: 95% female: 95% (1984 est.)

      Government Anguilla

      Country name: conventional long form: none conventional short form:

       Anguilla

      Dependency status: overseas territory of the UK

      Government type: NA

      Capital: The Valley

      Administrative divisions: none (overseas territory of the UK)

      Independence: none (overseas territory of the UK)

      National holiday: Anguilla Day, 30 May

      Constitution: Anguilla Constitutional Order 1 April 1982; amended 1990

      Legal system: based on English common law

      Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal

      Executive branch: chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); represented by Governor Peter JOHNSTONE (since NA February 2000) elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; chief minister appointed by the governor from among the members of the House of Assembly head of government: Chief Minister Osbourne FLEMING (since 3 March 2000) cabinet: Executive Council appointed by the governor from among the elected members of the House of Assembly

      Legislative branch: unicameral House of Assembly (11 seats total, 7 elected by direct popular vote, 2 ex officio members, and 2 appointed; members serve five-year terms) elections: last held 3 March 2000 (next to be held NA June 2005) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - UF 4, AUM 2, independent 1

      Judicial branch: High Court (judge provided by Eastern Caribbean

       Supreme Court)

      Political parties and leaders: Anguilla United Movement or AUM [Hubert

       HUGHES]; The United Front or UF [Osbourne FLEMMING, Victor BANKS],

       a coalition of the Anguilla Democratic Party or ADP and the Anguilla

       National Alliance or ANA

      Political pressure groups and leaders: NA

      International organization participation: Caricom (associate), CDB,

       Interpol (subbureau), OECS (associate), ECLAC (associate)

      Diplomatic representation in the US: none (overseas territory of the UK)

      Diplomatic representation from the US: none (overseas territory of the UK)

      Flag description: blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Anguillan coat of arms centered in the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms depicts three orange dolphins in an interlocking circular design on a white background with blue wavy water below

      Economy Anguilla

      Economy - overview: Anguilla has few natural resources, and the economy depends heavily on luxury tourism, offshore banking, lobster fishing, and remittances from emigrants. Increased activity in the tourism industry, which has spurred the growth of the construction sector, has contributed to economic growth. Anguillan officials have put substantial effort into developing the offshore financial sector, which is small, but growing. In the medium term, prospects for the economy will depend largely on the tourism sector and, therefore, on revived income growth in the industrialized nations as well as on favorable weather conditions.

      GDP: purchasing power parity - $104 million (2001 est.)

      GDP - real growth rate: 0% (2001 est.)

      GDP - per capita: purchasing power parity - $8,600 (2001 est.)

      GDP - composition by sector: agriculture: 4% industry: 18% services: 78% (1997 est.)

      Population below poverty line: NA%

      Household income or consumption by percentage share: lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%

      Inflation rate (consumer

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