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broadcast stations: AM 42 (plus 15 repeaters), FM 14, shortwave 3 (1999)

      Radios: 20.5 million (1997)

      Television broadcast stations: 98 (September 1995)

      Televisions: 7.7 million (1997)

      Internet country code: .eg

      Internet Service Providers (ISPs): 50 (2000)

      Internet users: 560,000 (2001)

      Transportation Egypt

      Railways: total: 4,955 km standard gauge: 4,955 km 1,435-m gauge (42 km electrified; 1,560 km double-track) (2000 est.)

      Highways: total: 64,000 km paved: 50,000 km unpaved: 14,000 km (1996)

      Waterways: 3,500 km note: including the Nile, Lake Nasser,

       Alexandria-Cairo Waterway, and numerous smaller canals in the delta;

       Suez Canal (193.5 km including approaches), used by oceangoing vessels

       drawing up to 16.1 m of water

      Pipelines: crude oil 1,171 km; petroleum products 596 km; natural gas 460 km

      Ports and harbors: Alexandria, Al Ghardaqah, Aswan, Asyut, Bur Safajah,

       Damietta, Marsa Matruh, Port Said, Suez

      Merchant marine: total: 175 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,331,186 GRT/1,987,964 DWT ships by type: bulk 23, cargo 58, container 2, liquefied gas 1, passenger 61, petroleum tanker 14, roll on/roll off 13, short-sea passenger 3 note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience:, Denmark 1, Germany 1, Greece 6, Lebanon 3, Monaco 1, Ukraine 1 (2002 est.)

      Airports: 92 (2001)

      Airports - with paved runways: total: 72 over 3,047 m: 13 2,438 to 3,047 m: 37 914 to 1,523 m: 2 under 914 m: 3 (2001) 1,524 to 2,437 m: 17

      Airports - with unpaved runways: total: 20 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 2 under 914 m: 10 (2001) 914 to 1,523 m: 7

      Heliports: 2 (2001)

      Military Egypt

      Military branches: Army, Navy, Air Force, Air Defense Command

      Military manpower - military age: 20 years of age (2002 est.)

      Military manpower - availability: males age 15-49: 19,030,030 (2002 est.)

      Military manpower - fit for military service: males age 15-49: 12,320,902 (2002 est.)

      Military manpower - reaching military age annually: males: 712,983 (2002 est.)

      Military expenditures - dollar figure: $4.04 billion (FY99/00)

      Military expenditures - percent of GDP: 4.1% (FY99/00)

      Transnational Issues Egypt

      Disputes - international: Egypt and Sudan each claim to administer triangular areas which extend north and south of the 1899 Treaty boundary along the 22nd Parallel (in the north, the "Hala'ib Triangle", is the largest with 20,580 sq km); in 2001, the two states agreed to discuss an "area of integration" and withdraw military forces in the overlapping areas

      Illicit drugs: transit point for Southwest Asian and Southeast Asian heroin and opium moving to Europe, Africa, and the US; transit stop for Nigerian couriers

      This page was last updated on 1 January 2002

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      Ireland

      Introduction

      Ireland

      Background: A failed 1916 Easter Monday Rebellion touched off several years of guerrilla warfare that in 1921 resulted in independence from the UK for the 26 southern counties; the six northern counties (Ulster) remained part of Great Britain. In 1948 Ireland withdrew from the British Commonwealth; it joined the European Community in 1973. Irish governments have sought the peaceful unification of Ireland and have cooperated with Britain against terrorist groups. A peace settlement for Northern Ireland, known as the Good Friday Agreement and approved in 1998, is currently being implemented.

      Geography Ireland

      Location: Western Europe, occupying five-sixths of the island of Ireland in the North Atlantic Ocean, west of Great Britain

      Geographic coordinates: 53 00 N, 8 00 W

      Map references: Europe

      Area: total: 70,280 sq km water: 1,390 sq km land: 68,890 sq km

      Area - comparative: slightly larger than West Virginia

      Land boundaries: total: 360 km border countries: UK 360 km

      Coastline: 1,448 km

      Maritime claims: exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM

      Climate: temperate maritime; modified by North Atlantic Current; mild winters, cool summers; consistently humid; overcast about half the time

      Terrain: mostly level to rolling interior plain surrounded by rugged hills and low mountains; sea cliffs on west coast

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