LITMIR.BIZ

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resources:

       bauxite, coal, iron ore, copper, tin, gold, silver, uranium,

       nickel, tungsten, mineral sands, lead, zinc, diamonds, natural gas,

       petroleum

      Land use:

       arable land: 6.55% (includes about 27 million hectares of

       cultivated grassland)

       permanent crops: 0.04%

       other: 93.41% (2001)

      Irrigated land:

       24,000 sq km (1998 est.)

      Natural hazards:

       cyclones along the coast; severe droughts; forest fires

      Environment - current issues:

       soil erosion from overgrazing, industrial development,

       urbanization, and poor farming practices; soil salinity rising due

       to the use of poor quality water; desertification; clearing for

       agricultural purposes threatens the natural habitat of many unique

       animal and plant species; the Great Barrier Reef off the northeast

       coast, the largest coral reef in the world, is threatened by

       increased shipping and its popularity as a tourist site; limited

       natural fresh water resources

      Environment - international agreements:

       party to: Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic-Marine Living

       Resources, Antarctic Seals, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate

       Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental

       Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping,

       Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution,

       Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling

       signed, but not ratified: Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol

      Geography - note:

       world's smallest continent but sixth-largest country; population

       concentrated along the eastern and southeastern coasts; regular,

       tropical, invigorating, sea breeze known as "the Doctor" occurs

       along the west coast in the summer

      People Australia

      Population:

       19,913,144 (July 2004 est.)

      Age structure:

       0–14 years: 20.1% (male 2,044,449; female 1,948,574)

       15–64 years: 67.2% (male 6,747,687; female 6,623,995)

       65 years and over: 12.8% (male 1,121,522; female 1,426,917) (2004

       est.)

      Median age:

       total: 36.3 years

       male: 35.5 years

       female: 37.1 years (2004 est.)

      Population growth rate:

       0.9% (2004 est.)

      Birth rate:

       12.4 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)

      Death rate:

       7.38 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

      Net migration rate:

       3.98 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)

      Sex ratio:

       at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female

       under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female

       15–64 years: 1.02 male(s)/female

       65 years and over: 0.79 male(s)/female

       total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2004 est.)

      Infant mortality rate:

       total: 4.76 deaths/1,000 live births

       female: 4.34 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)

       male: 5.16 deaths/1,000 live births

      Life expectancy at birth:

       total population: 80.26 years

       male: 77.4 years

       female: 83.27 years (2004 est.)

      Total fertility rate:

       1.76 children born/woman (2004 est.)

      HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:

       0.1% (2003 est.)

      HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:

       14,000 (2003 est.)

      HIV/AIDS - deaths:

       less than 200 (2003 est.)

      Nationality:

       noun: Australian(s)

       adjective: Australian

      Ethnic groups:

       Caucasian 92%, Asian 7%, aboriginal and other 1%

      Religions:

       Anglican 26.1%, Roman Catholic 26%, other Christian 24.3%,

       non-Christian 11%, other 12.6%

      Languages:

       English, native languages

      Literacy:

       definition: age 15 and over can read and write

       total population: 100%

       male: 100%

       female: 100% (1980 est.)

      Government Australia

      Country name:

       conventional long form: Commonwealth of Australia

       conventional short form: Australia

      Government type:

       democratic, federal-state system recognizing the British monarch as

       sovereign

      Capital:

       Canberra

      Administrative divisions:

       6 states and 2 territories*; Australian Capital Territory*, New

       South Wales, Northern Territory*, Queensland, South Australia,

       Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia

      Dependent areas:

       Ashmore and Cartier Islands, Christmas Island, Cocos (Keeling)

       Islands, Coral Sea Islands, Heard Island and McDonald Islands,

       Norfolk Island

      Independence:

       1 January 1901 (federation of UK colonies)

      National holiday:

       Australia Day, 26 January (1788)

      Constitution:

       9 July 1900, effective 1 January 1901

      Legal system:

       based on English common law; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction,

       with reservations

      Suffrage:

       18 years of age; universal and compulsory

      Executive branch:

       chief of state: Queen of Australia ELIZABETH II (since 6 February

       1952), represented by Governor General Maj. Gen. (Ret.) Michael

       JEFFERY (since 11 August 2003)

       head of government: Prime Minister John Winston HOWARD (since 11

       March 1996); Deputy Prime Minister John ANDERSON (since 20 July 1999)

      

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