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guilty to the charge of murder but this plea he was afterward permitted to withdraw for the later trial. He was unmoved by the verdict, but on return to the jail remarked to the sheriff:

      "It don't matter much to me. If I am going to be hanged, I want to be hanged by the law and not by those people up in the mountains."

      After the conviction, Loper was transferred to a cell in the "felony tanks" and had as cellmate one Edward Turpin under life sentence for the murder of a Fowler ranchman. From the day of his imprisonment Loper had never been visited by friend, acquaintance or relative save once and that his aged uncle of Sentinel, J. H. Loper, cattleman, who attended every moment of the trial true to a promise to a brother in Adel, la., the father of the prisoner, that he would see that the son and nephew should at least have a fair trial. So absolutely deserted had been the defendant that he would have suffered even the deprivation of the solace of tobacco but for the kindly consideration of the sheriff. It was always considered that Loper's stolidity and absolute lack of interest or appreciation of his surroundings while in the courtroom was an assumed and acted part. In the hurried passages from courtroom and jail he was always in pleasant and talkative humor with his guard, while in jail he was more than sociable, enjoyed smoking, was a great reader of magazines and always eager to participate in a game of cards. The death verdict passed on him was the third in sixteen years. The defense on the trial was an attempt to prove the defendant to be insane and there were depositions tending to show that the family was tainted with insanity on the maternal side. The prosecution described the prisoner as "a man with a rational mind and a crazy heart," belittled his defense as "flash light insanity" and a sham and subterfuge, and the murder a diabolical act for greed deserving the highest punishment under the law. The hanging was of course stayed by the appeal to the supreme court. A new trial was granted, Loper pleaded guilty and March 11, 1911, was sentenced to life imprisonment at Folsom. It was said of this fellow: "Probably Loper is without parallel in Fresno County history. Not only because of his crime, one of the bloodiest and brutal ever committed. But because he is without exception the most striking example of 'exaggerated ego" ever known, outside of the Thaw case."

       Sentenced in the Jail

      Deserving of mention was the case of Edward Delhantie, a giant, burly negro accused of an unmentionable crime. One of the criminal puzzles of 1909 was "Is Delhantie crazy?" He assumed the ferocity of a tiger and his every appearance from jail meant physical overpowering of him. He made on one court appearance an assault on the unoffending courtroom clerk. There was apparently no physical control of him save when he was manacled and shackled. He entered a plea of guilty and was sentenced to imprisonment at Folsom for fourteen years. The sentencing was in the county jail, the burly giant behind bars and the attending court officials in the corridor. An imaginative writer referred to the episode as one that "will long remain as one of the most Dantesque events of 1909 silhouetted on the brain until time shall efface the memory of all things."

       An Unpunished Homicide

      Because denied a second time permission to see his wife stopping at a lodging house at 625 K Street, J. E. Kerfoot, a packing house laborer, shot and killed Hamlet R. Brown, proprietor of the house, on the night of November 16, 1909. The police was notified but was given the number 645 J Street. There is no such number. People in the vicinity thought they had heard three shots fired coming from a lumberyard two or three blocks away. This also proved a delusive errand. A second police call, nearly one hour and a half after the fatality, gave the right address. Brown was found dead in the house hallway near the back door with a bullet wound in the left breast. Kerfoot had escaped and he never was arrested. The Kerfoots had come to Fresno from Bakersfield about two months before, lived together at the Brown house about a month when a separation took place and Kerfoot left, owing one month's rent. Kerfoot had come drunk to see the wife and was denied admission. Brown telling him to come in the morning when sober and making a taunting remark about the rent due. Kerfoot returned later, was again ordered away, there was a scuffle, a slap in the face and the shooting followed. The woman was in the house when the affair took place but remained in seclusion.

       Madman Runs Amok

      Three dead, one supposed to be fatally injured and two others slightly wounded was the bloody record achieved by George C. Cheuvront, a local rancher, who in a fit of insanity attempted on the morning of December 23, 1901, to exterminate a family of five with hatchet at his home at 167 Nielsen Avenue while preparations were being made for the breakfast. After the ghastly deed, Cheuvront apparently regained his mind and escaped from the house. He hurried in the direction of his peach orchard, west of town, but crossing the Southern Pacific tracks he became either remorse stricken or attempted to board a train and fell — at any rate the passenger train passed over him, mangled him to death and the remains were later in the day found in a culvert into which they had been tossed by the swift moving train. Next day the remains were at the morgue with those of the murdered wife and of twelve-year-old son, Claude, while at a sanitarium lay little nine-year-old Blanche Gladys, not expected to live but proving a physical marvel, fighting a long fight against death and after months of suffering recovering to baffle every surgical diagnosis. The act of Cheuvront was that of an insane man as abundantly established by proof. The instrument in his hands was an axe in the hands of a man who weighed 200 pounds and who for his age had remarkable physical strength. The wife and son did not expire until the day after the murderous attack. She was struck three blows from behind in the back of the head near the left ear. She died in the operating room at a sanitarium. The boy died without regaining consciousness. He had wound in the back of the head similar to the one of his mother and the brains oozed at the gaping wound. With the loss of several ounces of the brain, the lad lived nine hours. Little Gladys received a hard blow on the top of the skull and face was cut about eyes and nose — the skull bone pressed against the brain. The assault on the wife was committed in the kitchen. No words were exchanged in the house. The first intimation of a tragedy was her piercing screams as she attempted to retreat at the kitchen door. The children leaped from their beds when they heard the screams. Cheuvront rushed into adjoining bed room brandishing the blood covered axe and heeded not the terrified pleas of Gladys. Cowan M. McClung, nineteen-year-old stepson, and George Cheuvront, the older son grappled with the demented man but their strength was not equal to the occasion and the little girl was struck a glancing blow. Claude, the other son, received his fatal injury a few seconds later, falling back on bed with blood streaming from wound. Gladys also sank on her bed unconscious and bed clothes were crimsoned with blood. Then Cheuvront turned his attention to McClung and the son George, striking the latter several glancing blows on head, face and body but they proved only abrasions. McClung attempted to wrest the axe and Cheuvront pausing and placing hand to forehead surrendered possession of the weapon to the step son and fled from the house. The struggles carried the trio from the bedroom out to the front porch, where Cheuvront staggered and fell on his head. He was fifty-one years of age and a Frenchman by nativity. The wife was of the same age, her maiden name was Blanche Sanders; Cheuvront was her second husband. By a previous marriage with McClung, she had two sons. Cheuvront had been a resident of the valley for twenty years coming from near Visalia to Fresno fifteen years before and residing for a time at Easton. His specialty was hog raising. He was a man of some property and for a year or more before the tragic event of December, 1909, had on divers occasions manifested evidences of insanity. He had been arrested once, was kept in detention awaiting examination as to his sanity but had apparently recovered it before the examination as the medical men pronounced him sane.

       Saved by a Miracle

      Coming upon a suspicious character named V. L. Johnson on the night of January 30, 1912, in the alley in rear of the Union National Bank and the order to halt being unheeded, an exchange of pistol shots followed. The shot of Policeman James L. Cronkhite killed his man dead in his tracks. Cronkhite's life was miraculously saved, the bullet striking bis metallic star and being deflected. For his heroic act the bank presented him a gold watch and chain as a testimonial. Cronkhite died September 8, 1912, after a surgical operation, having long suffered from cancer of the stomach. He wore Star No. 2, was six years a fireman and seven a policeman, promoted from roundsman to be detective.

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