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(doorkeeper)

       capoluogo (capital)

       capomaestro ("boss")

       capofila (pivot-soldier)

       capopopolo (demagogue)

       caposquadra (commodore)

       capogiro (dizziness)

       capolavoro (masterpiece)

       giravolta (whirl)

       mezzaluna (half-moon)

       mezzanotte (midnight)

       palcoscenico (stage)

       acchiappacani (dog-catcher)

       cantastorie (story-teller)

       guardaboschi (forester)

       lustrascarpe (boot-black)

       portalettere (letter-carrier)

       portamonete (pocketbook)

       portasigari (cigar-case)

       portalapis (pencil-case)

       portabandiera (standard bearer)

       guardaroba (wardrobe)

       asciugamano (towel)

       cassapanca (wooden bench)

       arcobaleno (rainbow)

       terrapieno (rampart, terrace)

       bassorilievo (bas-relief)

       granduca (grand-duke)

       pianoforte (piano)

       spazzacamino (chimney-sweep)

       pettorosso (redbreast)

      For English:

      sheepskin

       cardboard

       shoestring

       midnight

       midday

       noontime

       redbreast

       appletree

       afternoon

       moonlight

       starlight

       doorknob

       bedtime

       daytime

       springtime

       flagstaff

       rainbow

       workman

       housekeeper

       pastime

       chimneysweep

       sheepfold

       barnyard

       sidewalk

       snowshoe

       shoeblack

       firefly

       steamboat

       milkman

       bathroom

       streetcar

       lifelike

       pocketbook

       inkwell

       tablecloth

       courtyard

       honeycomb

       beehive

       flowerpot

       buttonhole

       hallway

       midway

       storekeeper

       horseman

       masterpiece

       bookcase

      The children read one word at a time and try to reproduce it from memory, distinguishing through the two alphabets the two words of which each one is composed:

      carta pecora bianco spino piano forte spazza camino lava mano

      For English:

      moon light work man

      In the following chart the words are grouped in families. This chart may be used by children who are already well advanced in the identification of the parts of speech. All the words are derived from some other more simple word which is a root and of which the other words, either by suffix or prefix, are made up. All these roots are primitive words which some day the child may look for in a group of derivatives; and when he finds them he will realize that the primitive word is a noun, adjective, or a verb, as the case may be, that it is the word which contains the simplest idea, and so the derivatives may be nouns, adjectives, verbs or adverbs.

      On these charts appear various word-families. The teacher is thus spared the trouble of looking them up. Furthermore the child will some day be able to use them by himself. The exercises based on these are still performed with two different alphabets of different color so that the child can tell at a glance which is the root word.

      WORD-FAMILIES

      terra (earth): terrazzo, terremoto, terrapieno, atterrare, terreno, terriccio, terricciola, territorio, conterraneo, terreo, terroso, dissotterrare

      ferro (iron): ferraio, ferriera, ferrata, ferrigno, ferrugginoso, ferrare, sferrare, inferriata

      soldo (penny): assoldare, soldato, soldatesca, soldatescamente

      grande (great): ingrandire, grandiosità, grandioso, grandiosamente, grandeggiare

      scrivere (write): scrittura, scritto, scritturare, scrittore, inscrizione, trascrivere, sottoscrivere, riscrivere

      beneficio (benefit): beneficare, benefattore, beneficato, beneficenza, beneficamente

      benedizione (benediction): benedire, benedicente, benedetto, ribenedire

      felicità (happiness): felice, felicemente, felicitare, felicitazione

      fiamma (flame): fiammante, fiammeggiante, fiammeggiare, fiammelle, fiammiferi, infiammare

      bagno (bath): bagnante, bagnino, bagnarola, bagnatura, bagnare, ribagnare

      freddo (cold): freddolose, infreddatura, freddamente, raffreddore, raffreddare, sfreddare

      polvere (dust): spolverare, impolverare, polverino, polverizzare, polverone, polveroso, polveriera, polverizzatore

      pesce (fish): pescare, pescatore, ripescare, pescabile, ripescabile

      opera (work): operaio, operare, operazione, operoso, operosamente, cooperare, cooperazione, inoperare

      canto (song): cantore, cantante, cantare, cantarellare, cantiochiare ricantare

      gioco (game): giocare, giocattolo, giocarellare, giocatore, giocoso, giocosamente

      dolore (pain): doloroso, dolorosamente, dolente, addolorare, dolersi, condolersi, condoglianza, addolorato

      pietra (stone): pietrificare, pietrificazione, pietroso, impietrire, pietraio

      sole (sun): assolato, soleggiante, soleggiare

      festa (festival): festeggiare, festino, festeggiatore, festeggiato, festaiolo, festante, festevole, festevolmente, festosamente

      allegro (happy): allegria, allegramente, rallegrare, rallegramento

      seme (seed): semina, semenze, seminare, semenzaio, seminatore, riseminare, seminazione, disseminare, seminatrice

      For English:

      wood: wooden, woodworker, woody, woodsman, woodland

      earth: earthen, earthy, earthly, earthborn, earthward, earthquake, earthling

      fish: fishing, fisherman, fishery, fishy, fishmonger, fishnet

      well:

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