The Chronology of Ancient Kingdoms Amended - Isaac Newton

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      604. Nabopolassar dies, and is succeeded by his Son Nebuchadnezzar, who had already Reigned two years with his father.

      600. Darius the Mede, the son of Cyaxeres, is born.

      599. Cyrus is born of Mandane, the Sister of Cyaxeres, and daughter of Astyages.

      596. Susiana and Elam conquered by Nebuchadnezzar. Caranus and Perdiccas fly from Phidon, and found the Kingdom of Macedon. Phidon introduces Weights and Measures, and the Coining of Silver Money.

      590. Cyaxeres makes war upon Alyattes King of Lydia.

      588. The Temple of Solomon is burnt by Nebuchadnezzar. The Messenians being conquered, fly into Sicily, and build Messana.

      585. In the sixth year of the Lydian war, a total Eclipse of the Sun, predicted by Thales, May the 28th, puts an end to a Battel between the Medes and Lydians: Whereupon they make Peace, and ratify it by a marriage between Darius Medus the son of Cyaxeres, and Ariene the daughter of Alyattes.

      584. Phidon presides in the 49th Olympiad.

      580. Phidon is overthrown. Two men chosen by lot, out of the city Elis, to preside in the Olympic Games.

      572. Draco is Archon of the Athenians, and makes laws for them.

      568. The Amphictions make war upon the Cirrheans, by the advice of Solon, and take Cirrha. Clisthenes, Alcmæon and Eurolicus commanded the forces of the Amphictions, and were contemporary to Phidon. For Leocides the son of Phidon, and Megacles the son of Alcmæon, at one and the same time, courted Agarista the daughter of Clisthenes.

      569. Nebuchadnezzar invades Egypt. Darius the Mede Reigns.

      562. Solon, being Archon of the Athenians, makes laws for them.

      557. Periander dies, and Corinth becomes free from Tyrants.

      555. Nabonadius Reigns at Babylon. His Mother Nitocris adorns and fortifies that City.

      550. Pisistratus becomes Tyrant at Athens. The Conference between Crœsus and Solon.

      549. Solon dies, Hegestratus being Archon of Athens.

      544. Sardes is taken by Cyrus. Darius the Mede recoins the Lydian money into Darics.

      538. Babylon is taken by Cyrus.

      536. Cyrus overcomes Darius the Mede, and translates the Empire to the Persians. The Jews return from Captivity, and found the second Temple.

      529. Cyrus dies. Cambyses Reigns,

      521. Darius the son of Hystaspes Reigns. The Magi are slain. The various Religions of the several Nations of Persia, which consisted in the worship of their ancient Kings, are abolished; and by the influence of Hystaspes and Zoroaster, the worship of One God, at Altars, without Temples is set up in all Persia.

      520. The second Temple is built at Jerusalem by the command of Darius.

      515. The second Temple is finished and dedicated.

      513. Harmodius and Aristogiton, slay Hipparchus the son of Pisistratus, Tyrant of the Athenians.

      508. The Kings of the Romans expelled, and Consuls erected.

      491. The Battle of Marathon.

      485. Xerxes Reigns.

      480. The Passage of Xerxes over the Hellespont into Greece, and Battles of Thermopylæ and Salamis.

      464. Artaxerxes Longimanus Reigns.

      457. Ezra returns into Judæa. Johanan the father of Jaddua was now grown up, having a chamber in the Temple.

      444. Nehemiah returns into Judæa. Herodotus writes.

      431. The Peloponnesian war begins.

      428. Nehemiah drives away Manasseh the brother of Jaddua, because he had married Nicaso the daughter of Sanballat.

      424. Darius Nothus Reigns.

      422. Sanballat builds a Temple in Mount Gerizim and makes his son-in-law Manasseh the first High-Priest thereof.

      412. Hitherto the Priests and Levites were numbered, and written in the Chronicles of the Jews, before the death of Nehemiah: at which time either Johanan or Jaddua was High-Priest, And here Ends the Sacred History of the Jews.

      405. Artaxerxes Mnemon Reigns. The end of the Peloponnesian war.

      359. Artaxerxes Ochus Reigns.

      338. Arogus Reigns.

      336. Darius Codomannus Reigns.

      332. The Persian Empire conquered by Alexander the great.

      331. Darius Codomannus, the last King of Persia, slain.

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      All Nations, before they began to keep exact accounts of Time, have been prone to raise their Antiquities; and this humour has been promoted, by the Contentions between Nations about their Originals. Herodotus [3] tells us, that the Priests of Egypt reckoned from the Reign of Menes to that of Sethon, who put Sennacherib to flight, three hundred forty and one Generations of men, and as many Priests of Vulcan, and as many Kings of Egypt: and that three hundred Generations make ten thousand years; for, saith he, three Generations of men make an hundred years: and the remaining forty and one Generations make 1340 years: and so the whole time from the Reign of Menes to that of Sethon was 11340 years. And by this way of reckoning, and allotting longer Reigns to the Gods of Egypt than to the Kings which followed them, Herodotus tells us from the Priests of Egypt, that from Pan to Amosis were 15000 years, and from Hercules to Amosis 17000 years. So also the Chaldæans boasted of their Antiquity; for Callisthenes, the Disciple of Aristotle, sent Astronomical Observations from Babylon to Greece, said to

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