English Grammar and Composition for Public Schools. G. H. Armstrong. Языкознание. . Читать онлайн. Литмир. LITMIR.BIZ

1.	The maple leaf is an emblem of Canada.
2.	Honor thy father and thy mother.
3.	Who gathered these beautiful flowers?
4.	How sweetly the birds sing in spring!

A group of words that expresses a complete thought is called a sentence.

Which of the foregoing sentences declares something, which expresses a command, which asks a question, and which expresses a sudden feeling?

A sentence that asserts or declares something is called a declarative sentence.

A sentence that expresses a command or request is called an imperative sentence.

A sentence that asks a question is called an interrogative sentence.

A sentence that expresses a sudden or strong feeling is called an exclamatory sentence.

EXERCISE I.

State the use or office of each of the following sentences, and tell the kind of sentence:—

1.	The sun rises in the East.
2.	Every door opens to a smile.
3.	Keep thy heart with all diligence.
4.	Who is the author of that book?
5.	How tenderly a mother cares for her child!
6.	Every morn is the world made new.
7.	Sharpen this pencil for me.
8.	What bright uniforms the soldiers wear!
9.	The plowman homeward plods his weary way.
10.	How many lines have you written?

EXERCISE II.

1.	Write four declarative sentences.
2.	Write four imperative sentences.
3.	Write three interrogative sentences.
4.	Write two exclamatory sentences.

THE SUBJECT AND THE PREDICATE.

Name the thing which is spoken of in each of the following sentences, and what is said about it:—

1.	Gold is a precious metal.
2.	Flowers grow in the fields.
3.	The sailor’s home is on the sea.
4.	The flag of England floats above the citadel.

The part of a sentence that expresses the thing spoken of is called the subject.

The part of a sentence that expresses what is said about the subject is called the predicate.

The subject of a declarative sentence is generally placed before the predicate, but it is sometimes placed after the predicate; as,

Sweet was the sound of the evening bell.

Over the swift rapids went the boat.

EXERCISE I.

Name the subject and the predicate of each of the following sentences:—

1.	The city of Ottawa is the capital of Canada.
2.	Three wives sat up in the lighthouse tower.
3.	All the children were gathering flowers.
4.	Our friends have arrived in the city.
5.	Home they brought her warrior dead.
6.	John Cabot discovered Canada in 1497.
7.	All along the banks were the skeletons of canoes.
8.	Through this forest ran a beautiful river.
9.	Colder and louder blew the wind.
10.	Down sunk the bell with a gurgling sound.

The subject of an imperative sentence is thou, ye or you. It is seldom expressed; as,

	Listen to the singing of the birds.
	Carry these books for me.
	Praise ye the Lord.

EXERCISE II.

Name the subject and the predicate and state the kind of sentence of each of the following:—

1.	Who hath not lost a friend?
2.	Gather up the fragments.
3.	Here comes the train!
4.	Why did you take away my book?
5.	The shades of night were falling fast.
6.	How lightly she trips along!
7.	In one corner of the room stood my grandfather’s clock.
8.	Send this note to the post.
9.	How strange our old home looks!
10.	At the dawn of day he ascended the hill.

EXERCISE III.

1. Write four examples of an assertive sentence and name the subject and the predicate of each sentence.

2. Write four examples of an imperative sentence and name the subject and the predicate of each sentence.

English Grammar and Composition for Public Schools. G. H. Armstrong