LITMIR.BIZ

      Each component changes depending on the temporal factor and external effects retaining at that its specific features, its basic function, its mechanisms for realization of existing capabilities and its range of improvement and development.

      Example: consider the human organism, his body. It has relatively rigid boundaries and limits of variation. But if we recall bodybuilding, abilities developed by the person practicing yoga, it becomes clear that it is within a person’s power to change also his body despite its biological boundaries. Each variable has a tendency to change and to develop as it is built in the informational combination of bio-psycho-social reflection of the reality.

      Human has acquired a huge resource of variability and evolution at the expense of consciousness and will. To date there is no uniform concept of human. We will adhere to a concept that treats human as a developing conscious volitional trinity in both phylo-and ontogenesis. Actualization as a psychological phenomenon manifests itself in realization of possibilities and capabilities ensuring personal growth, self-perfection and self-respect that comprise the main purpose of life for a male. Actualization in contrast to the tendency towards equilibrium (homeostasis) is often due not to a decrease but to an increase in strain. Being optimally actualized, such a person lives a full and bright life every new moment of it. He personally chooses his way of life, as a source of information uses his perceptions, feelings and thoughts rather than other people’s advice. Having made his choice, he is responsible for the consequences of the choice and never blames others but himself. Such people make up the fully functioning human formation that “adjusts life of humanity on the earth”. It is mainly male formation at the age of 35–60.

      Today we can speak of a new trend in health care, the trend of studying the role of psyche and brain in human health and illness.

      In regulations, programs, and in general it has become popular to talk not only about the bodily but also about the mental health. Behind the facade of popular terms, there is no common understanding of “what the mental health is”. Often, the activity of reforms is reduced to the replacement of just a name, for example, “Center for Mental Health” instead of “Psychiatric Hospital”. As a result the accumulated problems of mental health are not solved, but on the contrary become veiled and deeper, not removing stigma, not improving the state of patients with mental problems, moreover not improving their health. The problem of health and illness, norm and pathology is complicated; their boundaries are relative and depend on many factors and reasons. This is the consequence of the complexity of the very object of study – psyche, its characteristics and properties, criteria to be guided to determine “mental health”.

      Study of the population of practically healthy people showed that about 50 % of adults had one or more symptoms of mental register manifested in the form of anxiety, irritability, constant strain, alarm, chronic fatigue, asthenia, insomnia, bad mood. The majority of these people did not apply to a specialist: 71 % – did not undertake whatsoever, 1 % – shared their fears with friends or relatives and only 17 % applied to a doctor. Early symptoms are not well pronounced because more frequently they are connected with deadaptation, functional by their nature and do not much worry a person, his environment and doctors. This is the first level of change in mental health, which should be the object of great attention of primary care doctors. Being in the very focus of attention, these states when timely diagnosed and correctly handled, are reversible.

      The following characteristics are distinguished in mental health: