ТОП просматриваемых книг сайта:
Honey Bee Medicine for the Veterinary Practitioner. Группа авторов
Читать онлайн.Название Honey Bee Medicine for the Veterinary Practitioner
Год выпуска 0
isbn 9781119583424
Автор произведения Группа авторов
Жанр Биология
Издательство John Wiley & Sons Limited
2 Down, P.M., Kerby, M., Hall, J. et al. (2012). Providing herd health management in practice – how does it work on a farm? Cattle Practice 20 (2): 112–119.
3 Evans, J.D. and Pettis, J.S. (2005). Colony‐level impacts of immune responsiveness in honey bees, Apis mellifera. Evolution 59: 2270–2274.
4 Garedew, A., Lampretcht, I., Schmolz, E., and Schricker, B. (2002). The varroacidal action of propolis: a laboratory assay. Apidologie 33: 41–50.
Hamilton, W.D. (1964). Genetical evolution of social behaviour I. Journal of Theoretical Biololgy 7: 1–16. (doi:10.1016/0022‐5193(64)90038‐4)
1 Hasselmann, M. and Beye, M. (2004). Signatures of selection among sex‐determining alleles of the honey bee. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 101 (14): 4888–4893.
2 Hodges, C.R., Delaplane, K.S., and Brosi, B.J. (2018). Textured hive interiors increase honey bee (Hymenoptera: Apidae) propolis‐hoarding behavior. Journal of Economic Entomology 20 (10): 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/toy363.
3 Hölldobler, B. and Wilson, E.O. (2009). The Superorganism: The Beauty, Elegance and Strangeness of Insect Societies. New York, NY: WW Norton & Co.
4 Jones, J.C., Myerscough, M.R., Graham, S., and Oldroyd, B.P. (2004). Honey bee nest thermoregulation: diversity promotes stability. Science 305: 402–404.
5 Koch, H. and Schmid‐Hempel, P. (2011). Socially transmitted gut microbiota protect bumble bees against an intestinal parasite. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 108: 19288–19292.
6 Kristensen, E. and Jakobsen, E.B. (2011). Challenging the myth of the irrational dairy farmer; understanding decision‐making related to herd health. New Zealand Veterinary Journal 59 (1): 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1080/00480169.2011.547162.
7 Li, Z., Huang, Z.Y., Sharma, D.B. et al. (2016). Drone and worker brood microclimates are regulated differentially in honey bees, Apis mellifera. PLoS One 11 (2): e0148740. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0148740.
8 Namakura, J. and Seeley, T.D. (2006). The functional organization of resin work in honeybee colonies. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 60: 339–349.
9 Naug, D. and Camazine, S. (2002). The role of colony organization on pathogen transmission in social insects. Journal of Theoretical Biology 215: 427–439.
10 Nicodemo, D., De Jong, D., Couto, R.H.N., and Malheiros, E.B. (2013). Honey bee lines selected for high propolis also have superior hygienic behavior and increased honey and pollen stores. Genetics and Molecular Research 12 (4): 6931–6938.
11 Nicodemo, D., Malheiros, E.B., De Jong, D., and Couto, R.H.N. (2014). Increased brood viability and longer lifespan of honeybees selected for propolis production. Apidologie 45: 269–275.
12 Pasupuleti, V.R., Sammugam, L., Ramesh, N., and Gan, S.H. (2017). Honey, propolis, and royal jelly: a comprehensive review of their biological actions and health benefits. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2017: 1–21.
13 Powell, E.J., Martinson, V.G., Urban‐Mead, K., and Moran, N.A. (2014). Routes of acquisition of the gut microbiota of the honey bee Apis mellifera. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 80 (23): 7378–7387.
14 Raj, P.A. and Dentino, A.R. (2002). Current status of defensins and their role in innate and adaptive immunity. FEMS Microbiology Letters 206: 9–18.
15 Ratnieks, F.L.W. and Helantera, H. (2009). The evolution of extreme altruism and inequality in insect societies. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society Series B 364: 3169–3179.
16 Richardson, L.L., Adler, L.S., Leonard, A.S. et al. (2015). Secondary metabolites in floral nectar reduce parasite infections in bumblebees. Proceedings Royal Society B 282: 20142471.
17 de Roode, J.C., Lefèvre, T., and Hunter, M.D. (2013). Self‐Medication in Animals. Science 340 (5129): 150–151.
18 Seeley, T.D. (1982). Adaptive significance of the age polyethism schedule in honeybee colonies. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 11: 287–293.
19 Seeley, T.D. (1989). The honey bee colony as a superorganism. American Scientist 77 (6): 546–553.
20 Seeley, T.D. and Morse, R.A. (1976). The nest of the honey bee (Apis mellifera L.). Insectes Sociaux 23 (4): 495–512.
21 Simone, M., Evans, J.D., and Spivak, M. (2009). Resin collection and social immunity in honey bees. Evolution 63: 3016–3022.
22 Simone‐Finstrom, M. (2017). Social immunity and the superorganism: behavioral defenses protecting honey bee colonies from pathogens and parasites. Bee World 94 (1): 21–29. https://doi.org/10.1080/0005772X.2017.1307800.
23 Simone‐Finstrom, M. and Spivak, M. (2010). Propolis and bee health: the natural history and significance of resin use by honey bees. Apidologie 41: 295–311.
24 Simone‐Finstrom, M.D. and Spivak, M. (2012). Increased resin collection after parasite challenge: a case of self‐medication in honey bees? PLoS One 7: e34601.
25 Simone‐Finstrom, M., Borba, R.S., Wilson, M., and Spivak, M. (2017). Propolis counteracts some threats to honey bee health. Insects 8: 46.
26 Starks, P.T., Blackie, C.A., and Seeley, T.D. (2000). Fever in honeybee colonies. Naturwissenschaften 87: 229–231.
27 Stow, A., Briscoe, D., Gillings, M. et al. (2007). Antimicrobial defenses increase with sociality in bees. Biology Letters 3 (4): 422–424.
28 Vaudo, A.D., Patch, H.M., Mortensen, D.A. et al. (2016). Macronutrient ratios in pollen shape bumble bee (Bombus impatiens) foraging strategies and floral preferences. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 113: 4035–4042.
29 Wheeler, W.M. (1911). The ant colony as an organism. Journal of Morphology 22 (2): 307–325.
30 Whiting, P.W. (1933). Selective fertilization and sex‐determination in Hymenoptera. Science 78 (2032): 537–538.
31 Wilson, E.O. (1971). The Insect Societies. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
3 Honey Bee Anatomy
Cynthia M. Faux
College of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Arizona, Oro Valley, AZ, USA
* Illustrations by Patrick D. Wilson
Introduction
In veterinary school, insects are primarily studied as pests, parasites, and vectors of disease. However, in the honey bee we have both a patient and an agricultural partner. Veterinarians are used to dealing with differences among species, but with the honey bee there are both great similarities and vast contrasts between the bee and the more familiar veterinary patients. A working knowledge of honey bee anatomy and terminology will better equip the veterinarian to understand the clinically relevant physiology and pathologies of the honey bee and to communicate effectively with beekeepers.
Honey bees belong to the order Hymenoptera, a large clade that includes other bees as well as wasps, ants, and sawflies. Among other features, the group is distinguished by having tiny hooklets or “hamuli” on the leading edge of the back or hind wings which serve to secure the hind wings to the front wings so that the wing pairs function as a unit (Snodgrass et al. 2015; Vidal‐Naquet 2015) (Figure