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      Note

      1 1 The main difference between MDD and MDE is that the latter includes episodes of depression that are part of a bipolar disorder, while MDD does not include bipolar depression. However, because most of lifetime MDE is MDD and different epidemiological surveys may focus on either one, we use whichever term is used in the study cited.

3 Racial/Ethnic, Socioeconomic, and Other Social Determinants

       Tiffany L. Gary‐Webb1, 2, Sara E. Baumann1, Erik J. Rodriquez3, Lydia A. Isaac4, and Thomas A. LaVeist5

       1 Department of Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, USA

       2 Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, USA

       3 Division of Intramural Research; National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA

       4 The George Washington University, Milken Institute School of Public Health, Department of Health Policy and Management, Washington, DC, USA

       5 Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA

3.1 Introduction

      Race and ethnicity are among the most frequently used concepts in research conducted by public health, nursing, and medical scientists. It is well known that most

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