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       Washington Matthews

      The Mountain Chant

      (Complete Edition)

      Navajo Ceremony

      Published by

      Books

      - Advanced Digital Solutions & High-Quality eBook Formatting -

       [email protected]

      2018 OK Publishing

      ISBN 978-80-272-4542-0

       Introduction

       Myth of the Origin of Dsilyídje Qaçàl

       The Ceremonies of Dsilyídje Qaçàl

       The Great Pictures of Dsilyídje Qaçàl

       Sacrifices of Dsilyídje Qacàl

       Original Texts and Translations of Songs, &c.

       Songs of Sequence

       First Song of the First Dancers

       First Song of the Mountain Sheep

       Sixth Song of the Mountain Sheep

       Twelfth Song of the Mountain Sheep

       First Song of the Thunder

       Twelfth Song of the Thunder

       First Song of the Holy Young Men, or Young Men Gods

       Sixth Song of the Holy Young Men

       Twelfth Song of the Holy Young Men

       Eighth Song of the Young Women Who Become Bears

       One of the Awl Songs

       First Song of the Exploding Stick

       Last Song of the Exploding Stick

       First Daylight Song

       Last Daylight Song

       Other Songs and Extracts

       Song of the Prophet to the San Juan River

       Song of the Building of the Dark Circle

       Prayer to Dsilyi‘ Neyáni

       Song of the Rising Sun Dance

       Instructions Given to the Akáninili

       Prayer of the Prophet to His Mask

       Last Words of the Prophet

      Note on the Orthography of Navajo Words

      The spelling of Navajo words in this paper is in accordance with the alphabet of the Bureau of Ethnology:

      c = ch in chin; ¢ = th in this; ç = th in think; j = z in azure; q = German ch in machen; ‘ shows that a vowel is aspirated; the vowels have the continental sounds; ai is the only diphthong, and is like i in line; l is usually aspirated; the other letters have the ordinary English pronunciation.

      Introduction

       Table of Contents

      1. The ceremony of dsilyídje qaçàl, or mountain chant—literally, chant towards (a place) within the mountains—is one of a large number practiced by the shamans, or medicine men, of the Navajo tribe. I have selected it as the first of those to be described, because I have witnessed it the most frequently, because it is the most interesting to the Caucasian spectator, and because it is the best known to the whites who visit and reside in and around the Navajo country. Its chief interest to the stranger lies in the various public performances of the last night. Like other great rites of the shamans, it has its secret ceremonies of many days’ duration in the medicine lodge; but, unlike the others, it ends with a varied show in the open air, which all are invited to witness. Another ceremony which I have attended, and which the whites usually call the “Yaỳbichy Dance” (Yèbitcai), has a final public exhibition which occupies the whole night, but it is unvaried. Few Europeans can be found who have remained awake later than midnight to watch it. Such is not the case with the rite now to be described. Here the white man is rarely the first to leave at dawn.

      2. The appropriateness of the name dsilyídje or tsilgitce—towards (a place) within the mountains—will be better understood from the myth than from any brief description. “Dsilyi‘” may well allude to mountains in general or to the Carrizo Mountains in particular, to the place in the mountains (paragraphs 9 and 38) where the originator of these ceremonies (whom I often find it convenient to call “prophet”) dwelt, or to the name of the prophet (par. 41), or to all these combined. Qaçàl signifies a sacred song or a collection of sacred songs. From the many English synonyms for song I have selected the word chant to translate qaçàl. In its usual signification hymnody may be its more exact equivalent, but it is a less convenient term than chant. The shaman, or medicine man, who is master of ceremonies, is known as qaçàli or chanter—el cantador, the Mexicans call him. In order to keep in mind his relationship to similar functionaries in other tribes I shall, from time to time, allude to him as the priest, the shaman,

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