Equine Reproductive Procedures - Группа авторов

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Loomis MS Select Breeders Services Chesapeake City, MD, USA

      Charles Love DVM, PhD Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA

      Kristina Lu VMD, DACT Hagyard Equine Medical Institute Lexington, KY, USA

      Margo L. Macpherson DVM, MS, DACT College of Veterinary Medicine University of Florida Gainesville, FL, USA

      John Madigan DVM, MS, DACVIM, DACAW School of Veterinary Medicine University of California‐Davis Davis, CA, USA

      Patrick M. McCue DVM, PhD, DACT Equine Reproduction Laboratory Colorado State University Fort Collins, CO, USA

      Sue M. McDonnell PhD, CAAB, Hon DACT New Bolton Center School of Veterinary Medicine University of Pennsylvania Kennett Square, PA, USA

      Justin W. McNaughten BVMS, DACT Rhinebeck Equine LLP Rhinebeck, NY, USA

      Lynda M. J. Miller DVM, PhD, DACT College of Veterinary Medicine Lincoln Memorial University Harrowgate, TN, USA

      Peter Morresey BVSC, MVM, MACVSc, DACT, DACVIM, CVA Rood and Riddle Equine Hospital Lexington, KY, USA

      Morten Rønn Petersen DVM, PhD, DACT The Fertility Clinic University Hospital Copenhagen Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences University of Copenhagen Copenhagen, Denmark

      Rhonda A. Rathgeber DVM, PhD Hagyard Equine Medical Institute Lexington, KY, USA

      Terje Raudsepp MS, PhD Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Texas A&M University College Station, TX, USA

      Charles F. Scoggin DVM, MS, DACT Rood and Riddle Equine Hospital Lexington, KY, USA

      Lorenzo G. T. M. Segabinazzi DVM, MS School of Veterinary Medicine São Paulo State University Botucatu, Brazil

       Sofie Sitters DVM Amsterdam, The Netherlands

      JoAnne Stokes BS Equine Reproduction Laboratory Colorado State University Fort Collins, CO, USA

      D. N. Rao Veeramachaneni BVSc, MScVet, PhD Animal Reproduction and Biotechnology Laboratory Colorado State University Fort Collins, CO, USA

      Karen Wolfsdorf DVM, DACT Hagyard Equine Medical Institute Lexington, KY, USA

      This second edition of the Equine Reproductive Procedures book has been substantially updated with 39 new chapters, and a multitude of new diagnostic procedures and therapeutic protocols added to existing chapters. The overall goal has remained the same, which is to provide equine professionals with practical clinical information on basic and advanced techniques in the field of equine reproduction. It is our hope that veterinary students, graduate students, researchers in the field of equine reproduction and veterinarians in private practice will find the material in this book useful in their collective work.

      The second edition is divided into sections on the Non‐Pregnant Mare, Pregnant Mare, Postpartum Mare, Stallion and Newborn Foal. A total of 40 authors and co‐authors contributed to the development of the book. In the first edition, we noted that approximately 90% of reproductive procedures used in the horse industry are nearly identical throughout the world. The other 10% varies according to the training and experience of the individual, geographic region, and availability of supplies and facilities. Hopefully we will all continue to learn throughout our careers from the knowledge and experience of others. Consequently, while the objective of this book is to provide examples of how reproductive procedures may be performed, it should not be construed that these are the only or the optimal methods to achieve diagnostic or therapeutic goals.

      Again, we would like to thank the staff at Wiley Blackwell for their professional assistance in the development of this second edition. We would also like to acknowledge our many mentors and colleagues for providing academic and clinical guidance over the years. We owe our professional careers to their collective wisdom. Most importantly, we would also like to thank our families for their unwavering support. Thank you, Linda, Sarah, and Gabriel Dascanio! Thank you, Diane, Daniel, and Kelly McCue!

       John Dascanio Patrick McCue

Part I Non-Pregnant Mare

       Patrick M. McCue

       Equine Reproduction Laboratory, Colorado State University, US

      The goals of a mare reproductive evaluation or breeding soundness examination (BSE) are to identify known or potential reproductive abnormalities and to evaluate the potential of a mare to become pregnant and carry a foal successfully to term. Mare reproductive examinations are performed in open (non‐pregnant) mares prior to the onset of the breeding season, in problem mares during the breeding season, in barren mares at the end of the breeding season, as well as in mares with a history of embryonic loss, abortion, or other reproductive problems, or as part of a pre‐purchase examination. The goal of this chapter is to provide an overview of the mare breeding soundness evaluation. Details on specific examinations will be covered in other chapters.

      Equipment and Supplies

      Obstetrical sleeve (non‐sterile), obstetrical lubricant (non‐sterile), tail wrap, metal bucket and plastic bag liner, non‐irritant soap, roll cotton, vaginal speculum, obstetrical lubricant (sterile), obstetrical sleeve (sterile), uterine culture device, culture transport system (optional), uterine cytology device, glass slides, uterine biopsy forceps, formalin.

      Identification

      All mares should be properly identified, and the breed, registration name, registration number, and date of birth recorded. Photographs should be taken or accurate drawings of markings and tattoos recorded.

      Reproductive History

      A complete breeding history should be obtained, including current reproductive status (maiden, open, barren, pregnant, or foaling), number of cycles bred during the last season, date of last breeding, breeding technique used (artificial insemination, natural cover, or pasture breeding), number of stallions, date of last foal, number of previous foals, and any previous history of abnormal estrous cycles, uterine infections, embryonic loss, or abortion.

      Physical Examination

      A general physical examination should be performed to assess whether the mare has the capacity to carry a foal to term. The evaluation should include, but is not limited to, examination of the oral cavity, eyes, and the respiratory, cardiac, and musculoskeletal systems. In addition, diet and body condition should be evaluated.

      Perineal Conformation

      See also Chapter 5. The external genitalia (vulva) should be evaluated for conformation and muscular tone. The optimal perineal conformation consists of a vulva in a nearly vertical position with two thirds of the vulva ventral to the brim of the pelvis. The muscular tone of the vulva should be sufficient to prevent or minimize aspiration of air into the vestibule or vagina. Horizontal sloping of the vulva

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