Скачать книгу

A.P., Biswas, A., Shukla, A., and Maiti, P. (2019). Targeted therapy in chronic diseases using nanomaterial‐based drug delivery vehicles. Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 4 (33) https://doi.org/10.1038/s41392‐019‐0068‐3.

      97 Srisuk, P., Thongnopnua, P., Raktanonchai, U., and Kanokpanont, S. (2012). Physico‐chemical characteristics of methotrexate‐entrapped oleic acid‐containing deformable liposomes for in vitro transepidermal delivery targeting psoriasis treatment. International Journal of Pharmaceutics 427: 426–434.

      98 Stark, D.D., Weissleder, R., Elizondo, G. et al. (1988). Superparamagnetic iron oxide: clinical application as a contrast agent for MR imaging of the liver. Radiology 168 (2): 297–301.

      99 Sun, T., Gao, J., Han, D. et al. (2019). Fabrication and characterization of solid lipid nano‐formulation of astraxanthin against DMBA‐induced breast cancer via Nrf‐2‐Keap1 and NF‐kB and mTOR/Maf‐1/PTEN pathway. Drug Delivery 26 (1): 975–988.

      100 Takahashi, S., Shiraishi, T., Miles, N. et al. (2015). Nanowire analysis of cancer‐testis antigens as biomarkers of aggressive prostate cancer. Urology 85: 704.e1–704.e7.

      101 Tang, W., Fan, W., Lau, J. et al. (2019). Emerging blood‐brain‐barrier‐crossing nanotechnology for brain cancer theranostics. Chemical Society Reviews 48: 2967–3014.

      102 Tong, R., Christian, D.A., Tang, L. et al. (2009). Nanopolymeric therapeutics. MRS Bulletin 34 (6): 422–431.

      103 Vengurlekar, S. and Chaturvedi, S.C. (2019). Elevating toward a new innovation: carbon nanotubes (CNTs). In: Biomedical Applications of Nanoparticles (ed. A.M. Grumezescu), 271–294. UK: Elsevier.

      104 Verma, P. and Pathak, K. (2010). Therapeutic and cosmeceutical potential of ethosomes: An overview. Journal of Advanced Pharmaceutical Technology & Research 1 (3): 274–282.

      105 Vigneshvar, S., Sudhakumari, C.C., Senthilkumaran, B., and Prakash, H. (2016). Recent advances in biosensor technology for potential applications‐an overview. Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology 4: 1–9.

      106  Virlan, M.J.R., Miricescu, D., Radulescu, R. et al. (2016). Organic nanomaterials and their applications in the treatment of oral diseases. Molecules 21: 207. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules21020207.

      107 Wang, H., Liang, Y., Mirfakhrai, T. et al. (2011). Advanced asymmetrical supercapacitors based on graphene hybrid materials. Nano Research 4: 729–736.

      108 Wang, X., Feng, Y., Dong, P., and Huang, J. (2019). A mini review on carbon quantum dots: preparation, properties, and electrocatalytic application. Frontiers in Chemistry 7 (671): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2019.00671.

      109 Warriner, K., Reddy, S.M., Namvar, A., and Neethirajan, S. (2014). Developments in nanoparticles for use in biosensors to assess food safety and quality. Trends in Food Science & Technology 40 (2): 183–199.

      110 Werner, M., Auth, T., Beales, P.A. et al. (2018). Nanomaterial interactions with biomembranes: bridging the gap between soft matter models and biological context. Biointerphases 13 (2): 028501.

      111 Wright, P.F.A. (2016). Potential risks and benefits of nanotechnology: perceptions of risk in sunscreens. Medical Journal of Australia 204 (10): 369–370.

      112 Yang, W., Deng, X., Huang, W. et al. (2019). The physicochemical properties of graphene nanocomposites influence the anticancer effect. Journal of Oncology 2019 (7254534): 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/7254534.

      113 Yavuz, M.S., Cheng, Y., Chen, J. et al. (2009). Gold nanocages covered by smart polymers for controlled release with near‐infrared light. Nature Materials 8: 935–939.

      114 Zhang, Z., Tsai, P.C., Ramezanli, T., and Michniak‐Kohn, B. (2013a). Polymeric nanoparticles‐based topical delivery systems for the treatment of dermatological diseases. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Nanomedicine and Nanobiotechnology 5 (3): 205–218.

      115 Zhang, Z.J., Wang, J., and Chen, C.Y. (2013b). Near‐infrared light‐mediated nano‐platforms for cancer thermo‐chemotherapy and optical imaging. Advanced Materials 25 (28): 3869–3880.

      116 Zhao, C.Y., Cheng, R., Yang, Z., and Tian, Z.M. (2018). Nanotechnology for cancer therapy based on chemotherapy. Molecules 23 (4): 826. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23040826.

       Irina A. Shurygina and Michael G. Shurygin

       Irkutsk Scientific Center of Surgery and Traumatology, Bortsov Revolutsii st., Irkutsk, Russia

      Nowadays, there is a growing interest in studies on various types of biological activity, toxicity, and usage of both nonorganic and organic forms of selenium. It seems clear that such high scientific interest exists because maintaining the physiological level of selenium in the body is vital. The main biological role of selenium involves being a cofactor unit of selenium‐containing enzymes (Dumitrescu and Refetoff 2011). It needs to be noted that those enzymes are among the main ones in the functioning of the redox system of the cell and, thus, all the basic parameters of cell vital functions depend on their activity (Huang et al. 2012). It is found that action of selenium‐dependent enzymes in tissues, deiodinase and glutathione peroxidase, directly depend on the selenium intake in the body (Villette et al. 1998).

      Naturally, selenium enters the human and animal body mainly in the form of selenium‐containing amino acids (Gammelgaard et al. 2011). At the same time, there are only a few reports available on biological activity of selenium in a nanosized form than on organic and nonorganic selenium compounds. Particularly, it is observed that red nanoselenium is less toxic and more biologically active than other nonorganic (Zhang et al. 2001; Sadeghian et al. 2012) and organic forms of selenium (Wang et al. 2007; Zhang et al. 2008).

      In Caco‐2 cell line model it is established that intracellular transport of selenium depends on its chemical form. The lowest speed was documented for sodium selenite while selenomethionine and nanoselenium did not differ for this indicator (Wang and Fu 2012). To date, there is no consensus about the effect of the size of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) on its biological activity. Thus, activation of selenium‐dependent enzyme systems in mouse liver and human hepatoma cell line HepG2 does not depend on the size of SeNPs (Zhang et al. 2004). Meanwhile, Peng et al. (2007) showed that smaller size SeNPs (36 nm) had more biological activity than bigger ones (90 nm) (Peng et al. 2007).

      Nowadays, different fields of application of selenium in nanoform are studied. A large number of studies are dedicated to the use of SeNPs for diagnosis and treatment of various

Скачать книгу