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18‐6 ROLE OF MAGNETIC SATURATION [1] 18‐7 POWER ELECTRONIC CONVERTERS FOR SRM DRIVES 18‐8 DETERMINING THE ROTOR POSITION FOR ENCODER‐LESS OPERATION 18‐9 CONTROL IN MOTORING MODE 18‐10 SUMMARY/REVIEW QUESTIONS REFERENCE FURTHER READING PROBLEMS

      10  INDEX

      11  End User License Agreement

      List of Tables

      1 Chapter 2TABLE 2-1 Drag Force and the Power RequiredTABLE 2-2 Torque–Current Analogy

      2 Chapter 5TABLE 5-1 dc‐Motor Drive System

      3 Chapter 15TABLE 15-1 Various Operating Modes of DFIG

      4 Chapter 16TABLE 16-1 Effect of Voltage Vector on the Stator Flux‐Linkage Vector in Sect...

      List of Illustrations

      1 Chapter 1Fig. 1-1 Block diagrams of (a) electric machines and (b) electric drives (mo...Fig. 1-2 Electric drive for wind generators.Fig. 1-3 Primary energy consumption by end‐use sector in the United States i...Fig. 1-4 Traditional and ASD‐based flow control systems.Fig. 1-5 Energy usage in (a) residential sector and (b) commercial sector.Fig. 1-6 Need for controlling the electromagnetic torque Tem.Fig. 1-7 Power and speed range of electric drives.Fig. P1-5 Plot of Cp as a function of λ [6].

      2 Chapter 2Fig. 2-1 Block diagram of adjustable speed drives.Fig. 2-2 (a) Electric drive system and (b) example of a load‐speed profile r...Fig. 2-3 Motion of a mass M due to the action of forces.Fig. 2-4 (a) Pivoted lever and (b) holding torque for the lever.Fig. 2-5 Torque in an electric motor.Fig. 2-6 Calculation of the inertia, Jcyl, of a solid cylinder.Fig. 2-7 Motor and load torque interaction with a rigid coupling.Fig. 2-8 Speed, torque, and angle variations with time.Fig. 2-9 Torque, work, and power.Fig. 2-10 Actual and linearized friction characteristics.Fig. 2-11 Motor and load‐torque interaction with a rigid coupling.Fig. 2-12 Electrical analogy: (a) shaft of finite stiffness and (b) shaft of...Fig. 2-13 (a) Electrical equivalent and (b) torque and speed variation.Fig. 2-14 Combination of rotary and linear motion.Fig. 2-15 Gear mechanism for coupling the motor to the load.Fig. 2-16 (a) Electric drive and (d) four-quadrant operation.Fig. P2-10 Lead‐screw system.

      3 Chapter 3Fig. 3-1 (a and b) Magnetic field and (c) Ampere’s Law.Fig. 3-2 Toroid.Fig. 3-3 B‐H characteristics of ferromagnetic materials.Fig. 3-4 Toroid with flux ϕm.Fig. 3-5 Magnetic structure with air gap.Fig. 3-6 Coil inductance.Fig. 3-7 Rectangular toroid.Fig. 3-8 Voltage polarity and direction of flux and current.Fig. 3-9 Waveforms of flux and induced voltage.Fig. 3-10 Voltage, current, and flux.Fig. 3-11 (a) Magnetic and leakage fluxes and (b) equivalent representation ...Fig. 3-12 (a) Circuit representation and (b) leakage inductance separated fr...Fig. 3-13 Motor construction: (a) “cut” perpendicular to the shaft‐axis and ...Fig. 3-14 Structure of machines.Fig. 3-15 Production of a magnetic field.Fig. 3-16 Electric force on a current‐carrying conductor in a magnetic field...Fig. 3-17 Figure for Example 3-9.Fig. 3-18 Conductor moving in a magnetic field.Fig. 3-19 Figure for Example 3-10.Fig. 3-20 Motoring mode.Fig. 3-21 Regenerative braking mode.Fig. 3-22 Power losses and energy efficiency.Fig. P3-9 Problem 3‐9.Fig. P3-10 Problem 3‐10.Fig. P3-11 Problem 3‐11.Fig. P3-12 Problem 3‐12.Fig. P3-13 Problem 3‐13.Fig. P3-14 Problem 3‐14.Fig. P3-15 Problem 3‐15.Fig. P3-16 Problem 3‐16.Fig. P3-17 Problem 3‐17.

      4 Chapter 4Fig. 4-1 Voltage‐link system.Fig. 4-2 Switch mode converters for (a) dc‐ and (b) ac‐machine drives.Fig. 4-3 Switching power‐pole as the building block in converters.Fig. 4-4 PWM of the switching power‐pole.Fig. 4-5 Bidirectional power flow through a switching power‐pole.Fig. 4-6 Bidirectional switching power‐pole.Fig. 4-7 Switching‐cycle‐averaged representation of the bidirectional power‐...Fig. 4-8 Waveforms for PWM in a switching power‐pole.Fig. 4-9 Switching power‐pole and its duty‐ratio control.Fig. 4-10 Harmonics in the output of a switching power‐pole.Fig. 4-11 Converter for a dc‐motor drive.Fig. 4-12 Switching‐cycle‐averaged representation of the converter for dc dr...Fig. 4-13 Gain of the converter for dc drives.Fig. 4-14 Switching voltage waveforms in a converter for dc drive.Fig. 4-15 Currents defined in the converter for dc‐motor drives.Fig. 4-16 Superposition of dc and ripple‐frequency variables.Fig. 4-17 Switching current waveforms in Example 4-3.Fig. 4-18 Waveforms of a switching power‐pole to synthesize low‐frequency ac...Fig. 4-19 Three‐phase converter.Fig. 4-20 Switching‐cycle‐averaged output voltages in a three‐phase converte...Fig. 4-21 Switching‐cycle‐averaged voltages due to Sine‐PWM.Fig. 4-22 Switching waveforms in Example 4-4.Fig. 4-23 MOSFET characteristics.Fig.

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