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      3.1 Introduction

      Nowadays, many of the physical, physiological, biological, and behavioural states of the human body can be measured, evaluated, and described by means of wearable sensors. These sensors can monitor the state of the human body for longer than an expert's observation. Often, the fusion of data modalities collected using different sensors is used for diagnostic purposes.

      Although the physical state of the human body can be observed in detail using video cameras or in some cases listened to using microphones, such modalities are subject to breach of privacy, costly to deploy, and are less fascinating for automated analysis body movement. Therefore, in this chapter we ignore these two modalities and investigate the cases where humans

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