LITMIR.BIZ

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      Pretoria • Cape Town

      Module 1: Cycle 1 and 2: advert, letter, e-mail, story, article

      Module 2: Cycle 3 and 4: journal entry, paragraph, persuasive text, drama/play, poem

      Module 3: Cycle 5 and 6: poem, article, poster, paragraph, instructional text, map

      Module 4: Cycle 7 and 8: book review, story, poem, discussion

      Module 5: Cycle 9 and 10: informational text, magazine article, novel, interview

      Module 6: Cycle 11 and 12: dialogue, character traits, story, crossword puzzle, folklore, story, poem

      Module 7: Cycle 13 and 14: speech, poster, bar graph, magazine article, drama/play

      Module 8: Cycle 15 and 16: descriptive paragraph, movie review, movie script, poster, role-play

      Module 9: Cycle 17 and 18: summary, interview, essay, advert, dialogue, drama/play

      Remember your June and November exams!

      Introduction

      Did your school take a photograph of your Grade 4 class last year? You probably have many photos of yourself, your family and your friends, even of your pets. We all like to keep photos to remind us of people, places and occasions.

      For some people, photography is an art, like painting or music. These people can study photography as a career and take part in exhibitions and competitions. They can also earn their living taking photos at weddings and other big events. Many photographers work for newspapers and magazines. These are full of photos, showing sport, people and advertisements.

      So what is a good photograph? We will talk about this in this first module.

      What makes a good photograph?

      Look at these photos of a young boy.

      The first one is not a good photo because the person taking it did not put the face in the centre. The second one is much better. We can see what the photographer intended us to see.

      Other factors that influence photographs are the light, the colour and the angles from which they are taken. A photo can show something nearby or something in the distance. It can be looking up at something or looking down on it. Think of where the camera would be for the drawings of photos below.

      You can see that it was too dark to take the picture of the mountain.

      The frog from above looks small. This is called a high-angle shot. With a high-angle shot, the camera looks down on the subject and makes it seem vulnerable or powerless.

      The tree taken from below shows the pattern made by the branches well, while the photo taken of the tall man from below makes him appear even taller. These are called low-angle shots. A low-angle shot makes the subject look bigger and more intimidating.

      In the first activity you are going to collect some photos of your own and discuss them.

      1. Find at least six photos at home that illustrate the different shots discussed above. If you do not have photos, use pictures from magazines. Bring them to class.

      2. Show your photos to your partner and discuss them.

      (a) Are the shots taken from near, far, above, etc.?

      (b) What is the light like?

      (c) Are they good photos? What makes them good or bad?

      (d) Why was the photo taken?

      3. When you and your partner have finished talking about the photos, arrange them on an A3 size sheet of paper.

      4. Write something about each photo under it.

      5. Use the following checklist to help you.

      6. Stick your photo display up in the classroom for your classmates to see.

      7. Spend time looking at the other displays and reading the captions.

      Dialogue

      We use the word ‘dialogue’ when we refer to what two people say to each other in a film, play, cartoon or story. Dialogue is the talking that happens between two characters. Here is an example of a dialogue between a journalist wanting to take a photo for his newspaper and a boy in his soccer kit.

      Notice how we lay out a dialogue: The speaker is on the left with a colon after his name. The words spoken are on the right. We line them up to make them look neat. Also note that we do not use quotation marks (‘ ’).

      In the next activity you are going to write your own dialogue.

      1. Choose a photo of a person from your display. Imagine a conversation between the photographer and the person. Let each person speak at least three times.

      2. Use the checklist below to help you.

      3. Act out your dialogue with your partner in front of another pair.

      Spelling

      You already know the spelling rule ‘put i before e except after c’ for words such as piece, receive, deceit.

      Now we are going to give you the rest of that spelling rule: ‘put i before e except after c or when it sounds like a’ as in neighbour or neigh.

      In the next activity, we are going to check your understanding of this rule. Can you spell words correctly using the following combinations of letters?

      1. Put ‘ie’, ‘ei’ or ‘ai’ into the following words:

      (a) r..n – Strip of leather around horse’s head to control it

      (b) r..n – Water that falls in small drops from clouds in the sky

      (c) rec..pt – Paper

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