Competition and Consumer Act - Australia

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the arrangement or understanding to be a contract; and

      (ii) reasonably believed that the arrangement or understanding was a contract; and

      (c) when the cartel provision was given effect to, each party to the arrangement or understanding reasonably believed that the arrangement or understanding was a contract; and

      (d) the cartel provision is for the purposes of a joint venture; and

      (e) the joint venture is for the production and/or supply of goods or services; and

      (f) in a case where subparagraph 4J(a)(i) applies to the joint venture — the joint venture is carried on jointly by the parties to the arrangement or understanding; and

      (g) in a case where subparagraph 4J(a)(ii) applies to the joint venture — the joint venture is carried on by a body corporate formed by the parties to the arrangement or understanding for the purpose of enabling those parties to carry on the activity mentioned in paragraph (e) jointly by means of:

      (i) their joint control; or

      (ii) their ownership of shares in the capital;

      of that body corporate.

      Note 1: A defendant bears an evidential burden in relation to the matter in subsection (1B) (see subsection 13.3(3) of the Criminal Code).

      Note 2: For example, if a joint venture formed for the purpose of research and development provides the results of its research and development to participants in the joint venture, it may be a joint venture for the supply of services.

      Notice to prosecutor

      (2) A person is not entitled to rely on subsection (1), (1A) or (1B) in a trial for an offence unless, within 28 days after the day on which the person is committed for trial, the person gives the prosecutor:

      (a) a written notice setting out:

      (i) the facts on which the person proposes to rely for the purpose of discharging the evidential burden borne by the person in relation to the matter in subsection (1), (1A) or (1B), as the case may be; and

      (ii) the names and address of any witnesses whom the person proposes to call for the purpose of discharging the evidential burden borne by the person in relation to the matter in subsection (1), (1A) or (1B), as the case may be; and

      (b) certified copies of any documents which the person proposes to adduce or point to for the purpose of discharging the evidential burden borne by the person in relation to the matter in subsection (1), (1A) or (1B), as the case may be.

      (3) If the trial of a person for an offence is being, or is to be, held in a court, the court may, by order:

      (a) exempt the person from compliance with subsection (2); or

      (b) extend the time within which the person is required to comply with subsection (2).

      (4) For the purposes of paragraph (2)(b), a certified copy of a document is a copy of the document certified to be a true copy by:

      (a) a Justice of the Peace; or

      (b) a commissioner for taking affidavits.

      44ZZRP Joint ventures — civil penalty proceedings

      (1) Sections 44ZZRJ and 44ZZRK do not apply in relation to a contract containing a cartel provision if:

      (a) the cartel provision is for the purposes of a joint venture; and

      (b) the joint venture is for the production and/or supply of goods or services; and

      (c) in a case where subparagraph 4J(a)(i) applies to the joint venture — the joint venture is carried on jointly by the parties to the contract; and

      (d) in a case where subparagraph 4J(a)(ii) applies to the joint venture — the joint venture is carried on by a body corporate formed by the parties to the contract for the purpose of enabling those parties to carry on the activity mentioned in paragraph (b) jointly by means of:

      (i) their joint control; or

      (ii) their ownership of shares in the capital;

      of that body corporate.

      Note: For example, if a joint venture formed for the purpose of research and development provides the results of its research and development to participants in the joint venture, it may be a joint venture for the supply of services.

      (1A) Section 44ZZRJ does not apply in relation to an arrangement or understanding containing a cartel provision if:

      (a) the arrangement or understanding is not a contract; and

      (b) when the arrangement was made, or the understanding was arrived at, each party to the arrangement or understanding:

      (i) intended the arrangement or understanding to be a contract; and

      (ii) reasonably believed that the arrangement or understanding was a contract; and

      (c) the cartel provision is for the purposes of a joint venture; and

      (d) the joint venture is for the production and/or supply of goods or services; and

      (e) in a case where subparagraph 4J(a)(i) applies to the joint venture — the joint venture is carried on jointly by the parties to the arrangement or understanding; and

      (f) in a case where subparagraph 4J(a)(ii) applies to the joint venture — the joint venture is carried on by a body corporate formed by the parties to the arrangement or understanding for the purpose of enabling those parties to carry on the activity mentioned in paragraph (d) jointly by means of:

      (i) their joint control; or

      (ii) their ownership of shares in the capital;

      of that body corporate.

      Note: For example, if a joint venture formed for the purpose of research and development provides the results of its research and development to participants in the joint venture, it may be a joint venture for the supply of services.

      (1B) Section 44ZZRK does not apply in relation to giving effect to a cartel provision contained in an arrangement or understanding if:

      (a) the arrangement or understanding is not a contract; and

      (b) when the arrangement was made, or the understanding was arrived at, each party to the arrangement or understanding:

      (i) intended the arrangement or understanding to be a contract; and

      (ii) reasonably believed that the arrangement or understanding was a contract; and

      (c) when the cartel provision was given effect to, each party to the arrangement or understanding reasonably believed that the arrangement or understanding was a contract; and

      (d) the cartel provision is for the purposes of a joint venture; and

      (e) the joint venture is for the production and/or supply of goods or services; and

      (f) in a case where subparagraph 4J(a)(i) applies to the joint venture — the joint venture is carried on jointly by the parties to the arrangement or understanding; and

      (g) in a case where subparagraph 4J(a)(ii) applies to the joint venture — the joint venture is carried on by a body corporate formed by the parties to the arrangement or understanding for the purpose of enabling those parties to carry on the activity mentioned in paragraph (e) jointly by means of:

      (i) their joint control; or

      (ii) their ownership of shares in the capital;

      of that body corporate.

      Note: For example, if a joint venture formed for the purpose of research and development provides the results of its research and development to participants in the joint venture, it may be a joint venture for the supply of services.

      (2) A person who wishes to rely on subsection (1), (1A) or (1B) bears an evidential burden in relation to that matter.

      44ZZRQ

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