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campaigns, federal IRI campaigns, partnerships with ANO “National Priorities”);

      • Show the need for linkage indicators between environmental and social (based on them) projects;

      • Increase focus on indicators of employee and resident involvement in the management of the enterprise and regional development;

      • Include indicators reflecting the accumulation and consolidation of social impact (including partnerships, communities, information agenda);

      • Include reintegration rates for employees leaving the position due to retirement, illness, disability;

      • Include indicators for implementing an inclusive approach in all areas of the company’s internal and external activities;

      • Retain “sustainable investments, including green investments” in the list of economic indicators;

      • Disclose information on sustainable investments in terms of national taxonomies.”

      Natalia Gladkikh, a leading expert of the Institute of Socio-Economic Design at the National Research University Higher School of Economics and Editor-in-Chief of the Positive Changes Journal, considers the discussion that has arisen regarding the domestic reporting standard under development to be very valuable, as it gives an opportunity for representatives of different parties to express their opinions. The word ‘Standard’ in the document title indicates the presence of a set of important principles in its content, which are essential for everyone to follow and rely on. Therefore, the expert would like the final document to be one that not only helps companies and their stakeholders understand their performance results but also sets certain standards and recommendations on how to do this most effectively and successfully.

      “Several important points are noteworthy in the current version of the standard, which is still a work in progress. The first is the obvious gap in the narrative rhetoric in the document in the part where it describes why the standard is needed, what it offers, what it includes, etc., and in what specific actions and indicators are ultimately proposed,” says Natalia Gladkikh.

      Thus, according to her, the first part actively uses terminology from the field of impact assessment, for example:

      “Information related to sustainable development is understood as information about the impacts, risks, and opportunities of the organization associated with sustainable development”;

      “The usefulness of information related to sustainable development increases if the information is comparable, verifiable, timely, and understandable, and also sufficient to reflect the significant impact on the economy, environment, and social sphere and to give interested parties the opportunity to assess the organization’s performance (the principle of completeness) for the reporting period.”

      “However, within the block of indicators, there is nothing that could be attributed to social impact. Indicators are principally defined by various metrics of activity – such as the number of employees involved and the amount of funds expended. The actual impact of these activities remains conspicuously absent from this list,” the expert remarks.

      A second significant flaw she notes is the underlying logic of describing and assessing results, the principle of ‘the more spent, the better’.” According to the standard’s logic, a company’s substantial investments in social objectives imply it is doing well, yet there is no comment on the actual effectiveness of these investments. The specific changes that have occurred in the region or country as a result of such expenditures are not considered relevant. If a more economical solution is identified, the current logic of the standard would interpret this as the company’s deteriorating position relative to others.

      “The traditional rationale for social investment, demanding an essential evaluation of the achieved results rather than just a description of actions taken or expenses incurred, is strikingly missing from the current version of the standard. This component, in my view, is crucial,” states the expert. – “Until we pose questions not only about the volume of funds spent but also the tangible outcomes of such expenditures, we cannot truly speak of results in the terms of social impact, as is claimed in the intent of the standard.”

      The realm of social project design is evolving, just like any branch of science or practice, and the methodologies of project development and reporting are increasingly complex. This is evident in the practices of the Presidential Grants Fund, where updates and the incorporation of new elements and focuses in application formats are routinely implemented. For instance, in the current iteration of the application, it is crucial not only to describe the project concept but also to validate its pertinence with references to pertinent sources. The document places emphasis on the evidential substantiation of the proposed approach to addressing the issue. Several grant-giving organizations are shifting toward applications based on the so-called theory of change, which mandates the clear definition not only of the problems and their origins but also a detailed description of each activity to be undertaken in relation to the three-tiered framework of immediate results, social effects, and societal impact. The theory of change also figures into the planning strategies of state bodies when conceptualizing strategic projects.[29]

      “To speak of outcomes, and all the more of the impact of their projects and programs, in terms reflective of activity characteristics – ‘conducted so many events, spent so much’ – has long been outmoded in the ‘third sector’ and is becoming ever more challenging in the governmental sphere,” says Natalia Gladkikh. – “If we establish a benchmark for businesses wherein the end result is deemed significant not for its transformational nature but merely as a static form, this would represent a regression in the theory and practice of social project planning and social investment, methodologies and approaches to impact assessment developed thus far.”

      It is also necessary to standardize the verifiability and justifiability of the employed social and ecological practices. Of crucial importance is the extent to which the utilized methodologies are substantiated and whether robust procedures for monitoring and assessment of changes – both intended and incidental effects arising within the course of a project or program’s execution – are in place. For NGOs, particularly when projects are financed externally – by grant-making entities or social investors – activities are regularly subjected to rigorous assessment and oversight. Conversely, when a project or program is initiated by a business entity, it lacks an overseeing body that would be obliged to pay close attention to the level of proof underpinning the practices utilized. If such guidance is not included in the standard, CSR programs may turn into a ‘space for experiments on people and nature.’

      Additionally, the expert opines that it is essential to embed within the standard the concept of an assessment model. This pivotal term reflects the anticipated process by which results will be evaluated: how data on achieved changes will be collected, and who will be involved in these evaluative undertakings and how, at what stage. According to Natalia, the practice of soliciting assessment services from auditing firms for evaluating social impact is exceptionally uncommon among social investors or non-governmental organization. The mere fact that figures have been calculated correctly is unlikely to offer any significant insights or new knowledge to the project team or organization, particularly in terms of its sustainable development. When discussing an external, independent ‘evaluating’ party that implies a ‘mutually beneficial’ partnership, one should keep in mind universities, where expertise, researchers, and proven scientific approaches can be found.

      “A standard will truly become truly significant and valuable when it transcends the prevailing narrative of ‘we’ll grade you – and you might get an F’ to enhance companies’ awareness of how they might further reflect their contributions to sustainable development in all its depth and beauty,” concludes Natalia Gladkikh. – “Once the standard encompasses varied approaches that enable any organization, regardless of size, to ‘see itself’ in a newer, more splendid light.” Described approaches and methods will assist companies in establishing their internal evaluative models, considering the unique aspects of their activities without any retributive implications. The chief advantage should inherently lie in the benefit it presents to the company itself – reveling in the transformations it prompts

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