LITMIR.BIZ

      The foreign policy of neutral Turkmenistan, being a logical continuation of its domestic policy, is an example of the embodiment of the conceptual ideas of Saparmurat Turkmenbashi on the transition of an Asian, traditional type of society to a new, democratic state. Turkmenistan’s neutrality contributed to the creation of a socio-political atmosphere that allowed the evolutionary way to form the main elements of a democratic society in Turkmenistan. This formation:

      democratic culture among the people, based on centuries-old traditions and taking into account the values of modern civilization;

      feelings of respect for the law, for power, for the citizen, and for the individual as a whole; the foundations of economic independence of each individual, the elimination of the dependence of people on each other, originating from official, social and other provisions in society;

      a real socio-economic base of democratic mentality and behavior based on ensuring the well-being of each family and individual;

      an atmosphere of confidence of people and society as a whole in the future, giving reforms the character of seamless therapy and social orientation.

      Turkmenistan’s permanent neutrality implies its use of its political capabilities in order to non-violently resolve contradictions and conflicts between states, and to establish a more humane and creative order in international relations. By excluding the very possibility of interference in the internal affairs of other states, recognizing the inalienable right to choose each state on its own path of development, Turkmenistan always contributes to any peacekeeping processes, constructive dialogue in the name of peace and harmony. Turkmenistan refuses the use of force or the threat of its use, as well as the infringement of the interests of other states in any form.

      Turkmenistan’s foreign policy is a logical continuation of domestic policy and is determined by the international legal status of permanent neutrality assumed by Turkmenistan voluntarily, within the framework of the realization of the inalienable rights of a sovereign state.

      The main objectives of Turkmenistan’s foreign policy are:

      preserving and strengthening Turkmenistan’s state sovereignty, increasing its role and importance in the system of international relations;

      creating the most favorable foreign policy conditions for the internal development of the state;

      upholding and realizing Turkmenistan’s national interests by all forms of contacts established in international practice;

      ensuring the security of Turkmenistan by political and diplomatic means;

      development of constructive mutually beneficial cooperation with all foreign partners on the basis of equality and mutual respect;

      ensuring full compliance of Turkmenistan’s foreign policy actions with international law and the UN Charter.

      Our analysis also showed that Turkmenistan chose a policy of neutrality in a rather difficult period for the country. The collapse of the Soviet Union, the tense situation in the post-Soviet conflict, the uncertainty of the policies of the countries of Central Asia, the conflict situation in Afghanistan.

      It was necessary to understand your problems, without the intervention of other parties. With a rich hydrocarbon supply, Turkmenistan could become a “bone of contention” for the powers.

      Thus, due to its chosen policy of neutrality, Turkmenistan fenced itself off from the world, which contributed to its normal and consistent development.

      §2. THE PLACE AND ROLE OF TURKMENISTAN IN THE WORLD COMMUNITY

      Every year Turkmenistan strengthens mutually beneficial economic cooperation with dozens of countries of the world. With the help of foreign investors, hundreds of production, household and cultural facilities for hundreds of millions of dollars were built and put into operation. Turkmenistan turned out to be favorable for investing from Russia, Germany, Turkey, Austria, Iran, France, China, and many other countries. The construction of the Tejen – Serakh – Mashhad railway line, a trans-Afghan gas pipeline, the country’s representative office in the Organization for Economic Cooperation (ECO), in other international organizations shows the world the huge potential of the Turkmen model of neutrality. The modern politics of Turkmenistan is characterized by the words of the great Turkmen poet, philosopher, thinker Makhtumkuli: “There is no need to say either annoyed or evil – my people do not accept evil.”

      Turkmenistan, being an equal subject of international law, was actively involved in the process of establishing and establishing interstate ties. In a short period by historical standards, Turkmenistan managed to determine its place in the system of modern international relations.

      Currently, Turkmenistan has established diplomatic relations with more than 120 states of the world, has become a member of more than 40 international organizations. Diplomatic missions and consular offices of Turkmenistan are open in 26 countries of the world. In turn, more than 30 diplomatic missions of foreign countries and missions of international organizations are accredited in Turkmenistan. Turkmenistan has its representatives in such international organizations as the UN, ECO, CIS, EU, OSCE, NATO, UNESCO, etc.

      Turkmenistan maintains a real interest among other states in actions that contribute to the strengthening of this status. These actions take on various forms: political, economic, humanitarian, etc. Thus, over the past years, results have been achieved that have made it possible to seriously strengthen the position of Turkmenistan, which carries out peacekeeping activities in the region. For example, under the auspices of the UN, three rounds of inter-Tajik negotiations took place in Ashgabat, the results of which gave an important effect to resolve the internal national conflict in Tajikistan.

      In addition, Turkmenistan organized a wide inter-Afghan round table, and on January 21—22, 1997, an international forum on Afghanistan was held in Ashgabat. Several rounds of inter-Afghan talks also took place there.

      In this regard, it is appropriate to quote the words of Mohammad Nalir Zahir, First Secretary of the Afghan Embassy in Turkmenistan: “Today Turkmenistan is one of the few states that have consistently peaceful borders with all neighbors. This was achieved, in my opinion, due to the neutrality observed by the state and the “open door” policy proclaimed by the President of Turkmenistan, that is, those two important factors that help peacefully resolve conflicts by resolving all controversial issues exclusively at the negotiating table.

      At the global level, Turkmenistan managed to build even partnerships with great powers and the main world centers of power – the United States, Russia, the European Union, China. In fact,

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