LITMIR.BIZ

      A photo of a 4-reflex Biotron EKOM E.V. Komrakov was used for the cover. The design of L. Yu. Prokhorov.

      The history of attempts to rejuvenate people

      Since the biblical times of King David, people have tried to use young organisms to prevent aging, improve health and even for rejuvenation. Most often, young innocent girls were used for this purpose. For a long time it was believed that their breath restores youth, drives away old age and prolongs life. In the Old Testament, it is described that when King David (1035—965 BC) grew old, they found him a very beautiful young girl, Avmsaga Shunammite, who took care of him, slept with him, but the king did not know her. The last queen of Hellenistic Egypt, the great Cleopatra VII Philopator (69—30 BC) from the Macedonian Ptolemaic dynasty (Lagids) constantly surrounded herself with babies and claimed that they supported her youth. Similar methods were used by many rulers, for example, Genghis Khan and many others.

      The story of King David’s communication with the beautiful Avmsagu Sunamite became a true legend and encouraged many elderly people who were looking for the elixir of youth. The original method of rejuvenation has since been called “sunamitism”.

      Sunamitism experienced its real renaissance in the XVII century AD, especially in France, where a fairly massive business was even organized to rejuvenate old people.

      There was an opinion that older people become energy vampires. The elderly body tries to compensate for the lack of its energy at the expense of the energy of others, in most cases, young people. Despite the fact that no positive results of rejuvenation with the use of such techniques have been registered, it seems that there is some truth in this. This technique clearly lacked one main element – the concentration of bioenergy from young organisms to old ones.

      In 1889, the French scientist Charles Eduard Brown-Secard injected an extract from the seminal glands of a dog under his skin. He officially announced a new method of rejuvenation invented by him. At first it was perceived as a sensation. However, if there was an effect, it was very short-lived. Brown-Sekar began to grow old very quickly and died five years later at the age of 76.

      At the beginning of the last century, the Austrian scientist, biologist Eigen Steinach (1861—1944) became the ruler of minds in the scientific world. Ligation of the vas deferens has a strong stimulating effect on the male gland. To this end, he performed operations of dissection of the testes and ligation of the vas deferens, believing that, entering the tissues, sex hormones will be absorbed into the blood more intensively and thereby will have an effective rejuvenating effect. Steinach’s highly publicized operations also soon brought disappointment. Their positive consequences, if they took place, were far from as great as the advertisement promised.

      Russian-born French surgeon Sergey (Samuel) Abramovich Voronov (1866—1951) became famous for the technique of grafting monkey testicular tissue to human testicles. Initially, for the purpose of rejuvenation, S.A. Voronov performed operations to transplant the testicles of executed young criminals to very rich elderly people. When the demand for such services began to significantly exceed the supply, he began to use tissue from the testicles of monkeys for transplantation. To cover the ever-growing demand for biological material, S.A. Voronov opened his own monkey nursery on the French Riviera. Among his patients were well-known businessmen, artists and politicians at that time. As contemporaries testified, the initial effect of the operations was amazing. Elderly people literally came to life, there was a huge queue for the famous surgeon. However, as it turned out, the operations brought only a temporary effect, and subsequently led to necrosis of the transplanted tissue. Repeated surgery gave an even more short-term effect. Subsequent operations, in general, lost all meaning.

      In the 20th century and in recent decades, scientists have become more active, trying to somehow use young organisms to prolong life and rejuvenate old ones. What kind of experiments have not been carried out by scientists to rejuvenate the old body with the help of a young one. Blood was transfused, cells were transplanted, especially stem cells, spleen, skin, etc. were transplanted.

      Hundreds of experiments were conducted when old and young mice were stitched together, organizing a single blood circulation (parabiosis). Young blood cells, young hormones and other young components produced by a young mouse were constantly circulating in the old body. The old mouse was only slightly rejuvenated and the life span increased slightly, but the young mouse was “infected” with old age from the old one.

      Many scientists have investigated the well-known phenomenon of induction of physiological processes in living cells and tissues under the influence of a signal transmitted to them from other living cells without direct contact of culture media and without the participation of chemical signal carriers. An overview of the effects of this type is given in the article Van Wijk R. (2001). The fundamentals of the phenomenological theory of biophotonic interactions are presented in the monograph Popp F.A. et al., (1992).

      One example of this effect is the so-called “mitogenic” effect described by Gurwitsch A.G in a 1926 monograph (Gurwitsch, 1926), according to which one group of plant cells in the mitosis phase induces mitosis in another group of cells, while both groups are separated by a quartz partition impervious to liquid medium.

      The effect of animal cells on each other is also known, in particular, the influence of developing embryos of one organism on the embryogenesis of embryos of another organism, that is, the so-called distant interaction between animal cells (Burlakov, 1999).

      According to general opinion, the most likely carriers of this type of effects are low-intensity electromagnetic radiation (see Biophotons monograph edited by Jiin-Ju Chang et al. (Biophotons, 1998) and especially the article in the book: Bei et al., p.57—64).

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