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5.1 Physiological changes and normal findings in pregnancyTable 5.2 Red flag symptoms and signsTable 5A.1 Blood gases in non‐pregnant and pregnant womenTable 5A.2 Safety of different imaging techniques

      4 Chapter 6Table 6.1 Severity of blood loss during maternal haemorrhage

      5 Chapter 7Table 7.1 Organ damage caused by sepsis

      6 Chapter 8Table 8.1 Typical flow rates under gravity through intravenous peripheral c...Table 8.2 Common blood components and their use in obstetricsTable 8.3 Different classes of blood loss with resulting physiological indi...

      7 Chapter 10Table 10A.1 LMA sizes and inflation volumes

      8 Chapter 12Table 12.1 Presentation and features of amniotic fluid embolism (AFE)

      9 Chapter 13Table 13.1 Risk factors for venous thromboembolism (VTE)Table 13.2 Incidence of clinical findings in pulmonary embolism

      10 Chapter 14Table 14.1 Acceptable preductal saturation levels (SpO2)Table 14.2 Acceptable preductal saturation monitoring (SpO2) in premature n...

      11 Chapter 19Table 19.1 GCS scoring

      12 Chapter 22Table 22.1 The ‘rule of nines’

      13 Chapter 25Table 25.1 Possible causes of headache

      14 Chapter 27Table 27.1 Levels of magnesium sulphate at which adverse effects occur

      15 Chapter 28Table 28.1 Estimated blood loss and proportional volumes

      16 Chapter 34Table 34.1 Risk factors for shoulder dystocia

      17 Chapter 41Table 41.1 Recommended safe doses for common local anaestheticsTable 41.2 High spinal block signs and symptoms

      18 Chapter 42Table 42.1 Major incident triage categoriesTable 42.2 Labour ward board

      List of Illustrations

      1 Chapter 2Figure 2.1 Deaths from haemorrhage reported to the CEMDs, 1976–2018 Figure 2.2 Maternal mortality from venous thromboembolism, 3‐year rolling ra...

      2 Chapter 3Algorithm 3.1 Structured approach to emergencies in the obstetric patient

      3 Chapter 4Figure 4.1 The ‘Swiss cheese’ model Figure 4.2 Similar package design of two different medications

      4 Chapter 5Algorithm 5.1 Scottish national MEWS chart: (a) front of MEWS chart

      5 Chapter 6Algorithm 6.1 Shock Figure 6.1 (a) Manual uterine displacement in the pregnant woman. (b) Fiftee...Figure 6.2 Clinical parameters following increasing blood loss in the pregna...

      6 Chapter 7Algorithm 7.1 The Sepsis SixFigure 7.1 Approach for implementation of the new WHO definition of maternal...Figure 7.2 Sepsis Trust UK Sepsis Screening Tool for Acute Assessment

      7 Chapter 8Figure 8.1 Sites for IO needle placement: tibial and humoral

      8 Chapter 9Algorithm 9.1 Cardiac disease in pregnancy. Figure 9.1 Causes of maternal death 2016–2018 Figure 9.2 Inferior and lateral STEMI. There is ST elevation in leads II, II...Figure 9.3 Total occlusion of the ostium of the circumflex artery (a), with ...Figure 9.4 Think Aorta Figure 9.5 Types of dissection per Stanford and DeBakey Figure 9.6 Axial CT angiogram of aortic dissection Figure 9.7 Bat wing or butterfly sign in pulmonary oedema Figure 9.8 Four chamber zoomed image of mitral regurgitation with colour Dop...Figure 9.9 Short PR interval with a wide QRS complex and slurred onset of th...

      9 Chapter 10Figure 10.1 Head tilt/chin lift Figure 10.2 Jaw thrust Figure 10.3 Oropharyngeal airway Figure 10.4 Anatomical landmarks for surgical cricothyroidotomy Figure 10A.1 Oropharyngeal airway in situ Figure 10A.2 Pocket mask in situ using a jaw thrust technique Figure 10A.3 Inserting a laryngeal mask airway Figure 10A.4 Laryngeal handshake Figure 10A.5 Surgical cricothyroidotomy kit

      10 Chapter 11Algorithm 11.1 Adult advanced life support (modified for pregnancy) Algorithm 11.2 Adult basic life support in community settings Figure 11.1 Obstetric cardiac arrest

      11 Chapter 12Algorithm 12.1 Amniotic fluid embolism

      12 Chapter 13Algorithm 13.1 Pulmonary thromboembolism

      13 Chapter 14Algorithm 14.1 Newborn resuscitation algorithm Figure 14.1 Heart rates for babies who received immediate umbilical cord cla...Figure 14.2 Response of a mammalian fetus to total, sustained asphyxia start...Figure 14.3 Effects of lung inflation and a brief period of ventilation on a...Figure 14.4 Response of a neonate born in terminal apnoea. In this case lung...Figure 14.5 Neutral position in neonates Figure 14.6 Two‐person jaw thrust Figure 14.7 Bag–mask ventilation with a one‐handed chin lift Figure 14.8 Hand‐encircling technique for chest compressions

      14 Chapter 15Algorithm 15.1 Modified trauma call timeline Figure 15.1 TRAUMATIC mnemonic

      15 Chapter 17Figure 17A.1 Chest drain kit

      16 Chapter 18Figure 18.1 Correct seatbelt wearing

      17 Chapter 20Figure 20.1 High‐ and low‐risk factor decision process for cervical spine mo...Figure 20.2 Immobilisation of the cervical spine using blocks, tape and head...Figure 20.3 Myotomes/dermatomes used for sensory and motor testing

      18 Chapter 22Algorithm 22.1 Burns Figure 22.1 Percentage burn by body area

      19 Chapter 23Algorithm 23.1 Abdominal emergencies

      20 Chapter 25Algorithm 25.1 Neurological emergencies Figure 25.1 (a) Fundoscopy examination showing papilloedema. (b) Normal reti...Figure 25.2 MRI images demonstrating posterior reversible encephalopathy syn...Figure

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