LITMIR.BIZ

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1, lb. 3, dn. 21 (14s. 5d.)

      “Item paid Glockengiesser for a mould broken by Kalperger, and round which Kalperger was to have made a large sphere, both through N. Gross and M. Peham

       fl. 2, lb.-, dn.- (£1.)

      “Item paid for white vellum (parchment) covering the sphere, 80 dn.; also for a cover lined with skin to protect the sphere from dust, 3 lb., 20 dn.; also to the smith for two iron hoops within which the sphere revolves, 4 lb. 6 dn.; also to the joiner for wooden stand of the sphere, 4 lb. 6 dn. facit, miscellaneous expenses

      fl. 1, lb. 6, dn. 10 (17s. 7d.)

      “Item paid to Mr. Marten Beham for a printed mappa mundi, embracing the whole world, which was used for the globe, and is to be hung in the town office, 1 fl. 3 lb.; also for painting, etc., 1 fl.; also for lining and glueing (mounting) the same, 5 lb. 10 dn.; also to the joiner for a frame and two panels, 1 fl.; also to the starch painter for painting these panels,

      4 lb. 6 dn.; facit fl. 4, lb. 4, dn. 6 (£2 5s.)

      “Item, Kalperger has not been paid for making the sphere: he demands 3 fl., but owes for the linen which was used for the old tent over the ‘beautiful fountain,’ in return for which he was to have made the large sphere; he had also broken the pattern or mould for which 2 gulden (20s) had to be paid to Glockengiesser; he also promised Mr. Merten that if he taught him the art of cosmography or the laying out (planning) of the globe he would make another sphere during the time.”

105 An account of October 16, 1510, reads, “Item, 1 lb. Nov for a large brass sign surrounding the map.” This doubtless is a reference to the globe. Ghillany attributes this work to Werner. See also Günther, S. Johann Werner von Nürnberg und seine Beziehungen zur mathematischen und physikalischen Erdkunde. Halle, 1878.

106 Ravenstein, op. cit., pp. 59–60.

107 Ravenstein, op. cit., pp. 75–76.

108 Ravenstein, op. cit., p. 77.

109 D’Avezac, M. A. P. Sur un globe terrestre trouvé a Laon, anterieur à la découverte de l’Amerique. (In: Bulletin de la Société de Géographie de France. Paris, 1860.)

      This work contains an announcement of the discovery of the globe, together with a description of the same.

      Raemdonck, J. v. Les sphères céleste et terrestre de Gérard Mercator. St. Nicolas, 1874. pp. 25 ff. Nordenskiöld. Facsimile Atlas, p. 73.

110 Britten, F. J. Old clocks and watches and their makers. New York, 1911; Berthoud, F. Histoire de la mesure du temps par les horologes. Paris, 1849.

      Globe clocks, or clocks of which globes were a conspicuous feature, were not uncommon in this period. See the reference, p. 73, to the Lenox globe, the reference, p. 74, to the Jagellonicus globe, and the reference, p. 173, to the work of Dasypodius.

111 Vignaud, H. Toscanelli and Columbus. London, 1902.

      This is a very remarkable piece of historical criticism. Citation is given for every statement of special importance, including a reference to those students of the question who do not agree with the author’s point of view. See also this distinguished author’s work, Histoire critique de la Grande Entreprise de Christophe Colomb. Paris, 1911. 2 vols.

112 Las Casas, Bartolomè de. Historia de las Indias. Madrid, 1875. Vol. I, p. 92.

113 Ulloa, A. Histoire del S. D. Fernando Colombo. Venice, 1571. Chap. vii, p. 15. See Churchill, Voyages, also Bourne, E. G., Spain in America. New York, 1904.

114 Las Casas, op. cit., pp. 224 ff.

115 Las Casas, op. cit., p. 48.

116 Harrisse, H. Jean et Sébastien Cabot. Paris, 1862. Doc. X, p. 324; Tarducci, F. Di Giovanni e Sebastiano Caboto. Venezia, 1892. p. 351; Winsor, J. Narrative and Critical History of America. Boston, 1884. Vol. III, pp. 54–55.

      Harrisse and Tarducci print the letter of Soncino in the original Italian; Winsor gives the first translation into English (tr. by Professor B. H. Nash). A very superior work for reference to the Cabots is: Winship, G. P. Cabot Bibliography. London, 1900.

117 Moll, J. C. A. Johannes Stöffler von Justingen, ein Characterbild aus dem ersten Halbjahrhundert der Universität Tübingen. Lindau, 1877.

118 This work is referred to by Moll in his chapter on “Stöfflers Schriften.”

119 Moll, op. cit., chap. ix, “Stöffler als Mechaniker,” refers to him as globe maker and as clock maker, with special mention of his three celestial globes.

120 Günther is in error in referring to this globe as the one now in Constance.

121 Moll, op. cit., pp. 49–51.

122 Günther, S. Geschichte. pp. 250 ff.

123 Aschbach, J. v. Die Wiener Universität und ihre Humanisten im Zeitalters Kaiser Maximilians I. (In: Geschichte der Wiener Universität. Wien, 1877. Vol. II, p. 62.)

      Chapter VI

      Globes of the Early Sixteenth Century

       Table of Contents

      Summary of fifteenth century globe characteristics.—Increasing interest in globes.—Globes of Pope Julius II.—Friar Marco da Benevento.—Importance of the Rosselli family of Florence.—The globe of Barnaba Canti.—Friar Giuliano Vannelli.—Interest of Trithemius in globes.—The Bunau globe.—Waldseemüller’s map and globe.—Liechtenstein globes.—Büchlin reference.—Globus Mundi.—Welt Kugel.—Lenox globe.—Jagellonicus globe.—Hauslab.—Green globe of Paris.—Nordenskiöld gores.—So-called Leonardo da Vinci gores.—Boulengier gores.—Acton globes.—Globes of Magellan and of del Cano.—Globes of Schöner.

TERRESTRIAL globes of the early years of great geographical discoveries, that is, of the fifteenth century, to which reference was made in the preceding chapter, appear to have been constructed either of metal, on the surface of which the map was engraved, of which the Laon globe is an example; of a composition fashioned into a ball over a mould on which strips of

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