LITMIR.BIZ

      Published by Good Press, 2021

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      EAN 4064066187651

Table of Contents

       INTRODUCTION.

       QUEEN VICTORIA AND HER SUBJECTS.

       THE REAL LOUIS NAPOLEON.

       EUGENIE, EMPRESS OF THE FRENCH.

       THE PRINCE OF WALES.

       THE KING OF PRUSSIA.

       VICTOR EMANUEL, KING OF ITALY.

       LOUIS ADOLPHE THIERS.

       PRINCE NAPOLEON.

       THE DUKE OF CAMBRIDGE.

       BRIGHAM YOUNG.

       THE LIBERAL TRIUMVIRATE OF ENGLAND.

       THE ENGLISH POSITIVISTS.

       ENGLISH TORYISM AND ITS LEADERS.

       "GEORGE ELIOT" AND GEORGE LEWES.

       GEORGE SAND.

       EDWARD BULWER, LORD LYTTON.

       "PAR NOBILE FRATRUM—THE TWO NEWMANS."

       ARCHBISHOP MANNING.

       JOHN RUSKIN.

       CHARLES READE.

       THE EXILE-WORLD OF LONDON.

       THE REVEREND CHARLES KINGSLEY.

       MR. JAMES ANTHONY FROUDE.

       SCIENCE AND ORTHODOXY IN ENGLAND.

INTRODUCTION.

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      The sketches which make up this volume are neither purely critical nor merely biographical. They endeavor to give the American reader a clear and just idea of each individual in his intellect, his character, his place in politics, letters, and society. In some instances I have written of friends whom I know personally and well; in others of men with whom I have but slight acquaintance; in others still of persons whom I have only seen. But in every instance those whom I describe are persons whom I have been able to study on the spot, whose character and doings I have heard commonly discussed by those who actually knew them. In no case whatever are the opinions I have given drawn merely from books and newspapers. This value, therefore, these essays may have to an American, that they are not such descriptions as any of us might be enabled to put into print by the mere help of study and reading; descriptions for example such as one might make of Henry VIII. or Voltaire. They are in every instance, even when intimate and direct personal acquaintance least assist them, the result of close observation and that appreciation of the originals which comes from habitual intercourse with those who know them and submit them to constant criticism.

      I have not made any alteration in the essays which were written some years ago. Let them stand as portraits bearing that date. If 1872 has in any instance changed the features and the fortunes of 1869 and 1870, it cannot make untrue what then was true. What I wrote in 1869 of the Prince of Wales, for example, will probably not wholly apply to the Prince of Wales to-day. We all believe that he has lately changed for the better. But what I wrote then I still believe was true then; and it is a fair contribution to history, which does not consent to rub out yesterday because of to-day. I wrote of a "Liberal Triumvirate" of England when the phrase was an accurate expression. It would hardly be accurate now. To-day Mr. Mill does not appear in political life and Mr. Bright has been an exile, owing to his health, for nearly two years from the scenes of parliamentary debate and triumph. But the portraits of the men do not on that account need any change. Even where some reason has been shown me for a modification of my own judgment I have still preferred to leave the written letter as it is. A distinguished Italian friend has impressed on me that King Victor Emanuel is personally a much more ambitious man than I have painted him. My friend has had far better opportunities of judging than I ever could have had; but I gave the best opinion I could, and still holding to it prefer to let it stand, to be taken for what it is worth.

      I think I may fairly claim to have anticipated in some of the political sketches, that of Louis Napoleon, for instance, the judgment of events and history, and the real strength of certain characters and institutions.

      These sketches had a gratifying welcome from the American public as they appeared in the "Galaxy." I hope they may be thought worth reading over again and keeping in their collected form.

      Justin McCarthy.

      48 Gower Street, Bedford Square, London, July 31, 1872.

QUEEN VICTORIA AND HER SUBJECTS.

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      "And when you hear historians tell of thrones, and those who sat upon them, let it be as men now gaze upon the mammoth's bones, and wonder what old world such things could see."

      So sang Byron half a century ago, and great critics condemned his verse, and called him a "surly Democrat" because he ventured to put such sentiments and hopes into rhyme. The thrones of Europe have not diminished in number since Byron's day, although they have changed and rechanged their occupants; and the one only grand effort at the establishment of a new Republic—that of France in 1848—went down into dust and ashes. Naturally,

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