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divisions:

       11 provinces (marzer, singular - marz); Aragatsotn, Ararat,

       Armavir, Geghark'unik', Kotayk', Lorri, Shirak, Syunik', Tavush,

       Vayots' Dzor, Yerevan

      Independence:

       21 September 1991 (from Soviet Union)

      National holiday:

       Independence Day, 21 September (1991)

      Constitution:

       adopted by nationwide referendum 5 July 1995

      Legal system:

       based on civil law system

      Suffrage:

       18 years of age; universal

      Executive branch:

       chief of state: President Robert KOCHARIAN (since 30 March 1998)

       head of government: Prime Minister Andranik MARKARYAN (since 12 May

       2000)

       cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the prime minister

       elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term;

       election last held 19 February and 5 March 2003 (next to be held NA

       2008); prime minister appointed by the president; the prime minister

       and Council of Ministers must resign if the National Assembly

       refuses to accept their program

       election results: Robert KOCHARIAN reelected president; percent of

       vote - Robert KOCHARIAN 67.5%, Stepan DEMIRCHYAN 32.5%

      Legislative branch:

       unicameral National Assembly (Parliament) or Azgayin Zhoghov (131

       seats; members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms; 75

       members elected by party list, 56 by direct vote)

       elections: last held 25 May 2003 (next to be held in the spring of

       2007)

       note: percent of vote by party - Republican Party 23.5%, Justice

       Bloc 13.6%, Rule of Law 12.3%, ARF (Dashnak) 11.4%, National Unity

       Party 8.8%, United Labor Party 5.7%; seats by party - Republican

       Party 23, Justice Bloc 14, Rule of Law 12, ARF (Dashnak) 11,

       National Unity 9, United Labor 6; note - seats by party change

       frequently as deputies switch parties or announce themselves

       independent

      Judicial branch:

       Constitutional Court; Court of Cassation (Appeals Court)

      Political parties and leaders:

       Agro-Industrial Party [Vladimir BADALIAN]; Armenia Party [Myasnik

       MALKHASYAN]; Armenian National Movement or ANM [Alex ARZUMANYAN,

       chairman]; Armenian Ramkavar Liberal Party or HRAK [Harutyun

       MIRZAKHANYAN, chairman]; Armenian Revolutionary Federation

       ("Dashnak" Party) or ARF [Vahan HOVHANISSIAN]; Democratic Party

       [Aram SARKISYAN]; Justice Bloc (comprised of the Democratic Party,

       National Democratic Party, National Democratic Union, and the

       People's Party); National Democratic Party [Shavarsh KOCHARIAN];

       National Democratic Union or NDU [Vazgen MANUKIAN]; National Unity

       Party [Artashes GEGAMIAN, chairman]; People's Party of Armenia

       [Stepan DEMIRCHYAN]; Republic Party [Albert BAZEYAN and Aram

       SARKISYAN, chairmen]; Republican Party or RPA [Andranik MARKARYAN];

       Rule of Law Party [Artur BAGDASARIAN, chairman]; Union of

       Constitutional Rights [Hrant KHACHATURYAN]; United Labor Party

       [Gurgen ARSENIAN]

      Political pressure groups and leaders:

       Yerkrapah Union [Manvel GRIGORIAN]

      International organization participation:

       BSEC, CE, CIS, EAPC, EBRD, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt (signatory),

       ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU,

       MIGA, NAM (observer), OAS (observer), OPCW, OSCE, PFP, UN, UNCTAD,

       UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO

      Diplomatic representation in the US: chief of mission: Ambassador Arman KIRAKOSSIAN consulate(s) general: Los Angeles FAX: [1] (202) 319–2982 telephone: [1] (202) 319–1976 chancery: 2225 R Street NW, Washington, DC 20008

      Diplomatic representation from the US:

       chief of mission: Ambassador John M. EVANS

       embassy: 18 Baghramyan Ave., Yerevan 375019

       mailing address: American Embassy Yerevan, Department of State, 7020

       Yerevan Place, Washington, DC 20521–7020

       telephone: [374](1) 521–611, 520–791, 542–117, 542–132, 524–661,

       527–001, 524–840

       FAX: [374](1) 520–800

      Flag description:

       three equal horizontal bands of red (top), blue, and orange

      Economy Armenia

      Economy - overview:

       Under the old Soviet central planning system, Armenia had developed

       a modern industrial sector, supplying machine tools, textiles, and

       other manufactured goods to sister republics in exchange for raw

       materials and energy. Since the implosion of the USSR in December

       1991, Armenia has switched to small-scale agriculture away from the

       large agroindustrial complexes of the Soviet era. The agricultural

       sector has long-term needs for more investment and updated

       technology. The privatization of industry has been at a slower pace,

       but has been given renewed emphasis by the current administration.

       Armenia is a food importer, and its mineral deposits (copper, gold,

       bauxite) are small. The ongoing conflict with Azerbaijan over the

       ethnic Armenian-dominated region of Nagorno-Karabakh and the breakup

       of the centrally directed economic system of the former Soviet Union

       contributed to a severe economic decline in the early 1990s. By

       1994, however, the Armenian Government had launched an ambitious

       IMF-sponsored economic liberalization program that resulted in

       positive growth rates in 1995–2003. Armenia joined the WTrO in

       January 2003. Armenia also has managed to slash inflation, stabilize

       the local currency (the dram), and privatize most small- and

       medium-sized enterprises. The chronic energy shortages Armenia

       suffered in the early and mid-1990s have been offset by the energy

       supplied by one of its nuclear power plants at Metsamor. Armenia is

       now a net energy exporter, although it does not have sufficient

       generating capacity to replace Metsamor, which is under

       international pressure to close. The electricity distribution system

       was privatized in 2002. Armenia's severe

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