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      1 * Corresponding author: [email protected]

      Nanotools in Customized Drug Delivery System

       Thirumalai Subramaniam K J1, Gowthamarajan Kuppusamy2*, Arun Radhakrishnan1 and Veera Venkata Satyanarayana Reddy Karri1

       1Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, India

       2Center of Excellence in Nano Science & Technology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, India

       Abstract

      This chapter comprises of the basic information about nano-pharmaceuticals tools in personalized and customized drug delivery system dealing in association with genetic polymorphisms as an introduction, followed by the utility and risk parameters involving the conventional nano drug delivery strategies and their pitfalls. The chapter describes the various nano tools such as polymeric nanoparticles, solid lipid nanoparticle, liposomes, etc. overcoming the available conventional drug delivery strategies. We also discuss nanotechnology as an advance tool in targeting various diseases such as Alzheimer’s and in cancer chemotherapy illustrating in detail to satisfy the current community needs—“Maximum Efficacy: Minimized Side Effect.” It also includes the critical attributes involved in the process of formulation development in respect to customized drug delivery to bypass the rate limiting step associated with protein barriers (which are overexpressed due to specific single nucleotide polymorphism) to get high comfort maximized therapeutic action. This entire chapter will pave a new trend towards the application of nano-pharmaceuticals in the field of novel drug delivery system.

      Keywords: Nanotechnology, nano-pharmaceutical tools, nanomedicines, personalized medicine, patient compliance, drug delivery, drug therapy, toxicity

ADR Adverse drug reactions
ALOX-5 Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase
AuNP Gold nanoparticles
BBB Blood brain barrier
CNS Central nervous system
CS Cationic polymer chitosan
COX-2 Cyclooxygenase-2
Cytochrome P450 2D6
DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid
FDA Food and Drug Administration
Fe2O3 Iron(III) oxide or ferric oxide
FINGER Finnish Geriatric Intervention Study to Prevent Cognitive Impairment and Disability
MRI Magnetic resonance imaging
MTHFR Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase
NIR Near-infrared
NMT Not more than
NLC Nano lipid carrier
PPTT Plasmonic photo thermal therapy
RCT Randomized clinical trials
RES

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