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Equality of nations,

19. Effect of that equality,

20. Each nation is mistress of her own actions, when they do not affect the perfect rights of others,

21. Foundation of the voluntary law of nations,

22. Right of nations against the infractors of the law of nations,

23. Measure of that right,

24. Conventional law of nations, or law of treaties,

25. Customary law of nations,

26. General rule respecting that law,

27. Positive law of nations,

28. General maxim respecting the use of the necessary and the voluntary law, <xxii>

BOOK I Of Nations considered in themselves.

CHAPTER I Of Nations or Sovereign States.

1. Of the state, and of sovereignty,

2. Authority of the body politic over the members,

3. Of the several kinds of government,

4. What are sovereign states,

5. States bound by unequal alliance,

6. or by treaties of protection,

7. Tributary states,

8. Feudatory states,

9. Two states subject to the same prince,

10. States forming a federal republic,

11. A state that has passed under the dominion of another,

12. Objects of this treatise,

CHAPTER II General Principles of the Duties of a Nation towards herself.>

13. A nation ought to act agreeably to her nature,

14. Preservation and perfection of a nation,

15. End of civil society,

16. A nation is under an obligation to preserve herself,

17. and to preserve her members,

18. A nation has a right to every thing necessary for her preservation,

19. She ought to avoid every thing that might occasion her destruction,

20. Her right to every thing that may promote this end,

21. A nation ought to perfect herself and her condition,

22. and to avoid every thing contrary to her perfection,

23. The rights she derives from these obligations,

24. Examples,

25. A nation ought to know herself,

CHAPTER III Of the Constitution of a State, and the Duties and Rights of a Nation in that respect.

26. Of the public authority,

27. What is the constitution of a state, <xxiii>

28. The nation ought to choose the best constitution,

29. Political, fundamental, and civil laws,

30. Support of the constitution, and obedience to the laws,

31. Rights of a nation with respect to her constitution and government,

32. She may reform the government,

33. and may alter the constitution,

34. Of the legislative power, and whether it can alter the constitution,

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