LITMIR.BIZ

      1  Cover

      2  Title Page

      3  Copyright Page

      4  Dedication Page

      5  List of Contributors

      6  Foreword

      7  About Peter Emily 1982 2005: The beginning of the Peter Emily International Veterinary Dental Foundation

      8  Acknowledgements

      9  Introduction Periodontal Disease

      10  Part I: A History of Veterinary Dentistry and of Teeth, and Dental Therapy of Wild Animals 1 History of Veterinary Dentistry, Including Development of Oral and Dental Treatment of Wild and Zoo, Safari Park and Refuge Animals 2 Odontology Early Evolution Enamel Dental Evolution Molar Evolution References 3 Special Considerations Regarding Equipment and Instruments 4 Dental Form and Function as it Relates to Dental Therapy of Wild Animals References 5 Carnivore Dental Therapy 5A Conventional (Standard/Normograde) Endodontics Overview Atypical Tiger Apical Anatomy Bleeding Canals Posterior Endodontics Pulpotomies Apexification/Apexigenisis 5B Surgical Endodontics Mandibular Canine Fistulas Extra‐Oral Access Fistulas 5C Periodontics Tumors 5D Caries and Endodontic Access Preparation and Restoration Prosthodontic Crown Coverage 5E Combined Endodontic‐Periodontal Therapy 5F Oral Surgery Extraction A Case of Surgical Extraction (see Figures 5F.5.1–5F.5.8) Case of an Orthodontic Problem Treated by Surgical Extraction to Alleviate Traumatic Occlusion in a Tiger (see Figures 5F.6.1–5F.6.11) Case of a Double Soft Tissue Flap Repair of a Large Oronasal Fistula in a Male African Lion (see Figures 5F.7.1–5F.7.11) 6 Herbivore Endodontic Therapy 6A Standard and Surgical Endodontics Root Canal Therapy in Herbivores Posterior Endodontic Procedure Reference 7 Marsupial and Herbivore Abscesses 8 Elephant Dentistry 8A Tusk Therapy for Hog, Walrus, Elephant and Hippopotamus Hog and Pig Tusk Therapy Walrus Tusk Therapy Elephant Tusk Therapy Molar Extraction Hippopotamus Tusk Therapy 8B Practical Elephant Dentistry Introduction Instrumentarium Common Dental Pathology of Elephants Requiring Intervention Dental Procedures for Elephants References 9 Primate Dentistry 9A Endodontics 9B Caries and Restorative Dentistry Restorative Procedures 9C Periodontal Disease Bone Resorption Reference 10 Avian Fractured and Maloccluded Beaks 10A Beak Fracture Repair A Case of an Ibis with a Fractured and Lost Gnathotheca (Lower

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