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      An Embassy Besieged

      The Story of a Christian Community in Nazi Germany

      Emmy Barth

      With a Foreword by Johann Christoph Arnold

       THE PLOUGH PUBLISHING HOUSE

      An Embassy Besieged

      The Story of a Christian Community in Nazi Germany

      Copyright © 2010 Emmy Barth. All rights reserved. Except for brief quotations in critical publications or reviews, no part of this book may be reproduced in any manner without prior written permission from the publisher. Write: Permissions, Wipf and Stock Publishers, 199 W. 8th Ave., Suite 3, Eugene, OR 97401.

      Cascade Books

      An Imprint of Wipf and Stock Publishers

      199 W. 8th Ave., Suite 3

      Eugene, OR 97401

      www. wipfandstock.com

      The Plough Publishing House of Church Communities Foundation

      Rifton, NY 12471 USA

      isbn 13: 978-1-60899-879-1

      eisbn 13: 978-1-62189-127-7

      Cataloging-in-Publication data:

      Barth, Emmy, 1961–

      An embassy besieged : the story of a Christian community in Nazi Germany / Emmy Barth ; foreword by Johann Christoph Arnold.

      xvi + 306 p. ; cm. 23. — Includes bibliographical references and index.

      isbn 13: 978-1-60899-879-1

      1. Arnold, Eberhard, 1883–1935. 2. Bruderhof Communities — History. I. Arnold, Johann Christoph. II. Title.

      bx8 129. b68 b35 2010

      Manufactured in the U.S.A.

      This book reads like a modern book of Acts. It is not only a fascinating and inspiring chronicle, but one of the best inside views of the rise of the Third Reich. Barth provides an invaluable account of how a community of Christians negotiated the moral and spiritual challenges of that terrible time.

      —Robert Ellsberg, author of Modern Spiritual Classics

      Emmy Barth has expertly and lovingly woven together a seamless narrative that vividly chronicles the Bruderhof community’s sacrifice, heroism, faith, determination, and courage. An Embassy Besieged is an inspiration to today’s readers.

      —Ari L. Goldman, author of The Search for God at Harvard

      This moving story raises profound questions: Can we deny God’s presence in any enemy? What does it mean to carry out Jesus’ command to love the enemy in the context of a nation carrying out demonic policies? And how should the church act today in a national security state whose weapons and policies threaten the world? Barth’s depiction of the Bruderhof’s life and trials in Nazi Germany offers inspiration and hope for our own equally profound questions of Christian discipleship.

      —Jim Douglass, author of JFK and the Unspeakable

      Arnold once said: “To be an ambassador for God’s kingdom is something tremendous. When we take this service upon us, we enter into mortal danger.” In 1937 the Gestapo confiscated the Bruderhof’s farm and dissolved their community. The few remaining members were expelled under guard, apart from three men detained in prison for alleged fraud. Their escape to freedom makes a fitting close to this lively, detailed account of one community’s courageous witness to the gospel.

      —John Conway, author of The Nazi Persecution of the Churches

      We are ambassadors for Christ,

      God making his appeal through us.

      —2 Corinthians 5:20

      The Apostle says that we are ambassadors of God, representing Christ, the messiah king, the regent of that last kingdom. When the British ambassador is in the British Embassy in Berlin, he is not subject to the laws of the German Reich. The grounds of the embassy are inviolable. In the residence of the ambassador, only the laws of the country he represents are valid.

      We are ambassadors of the kingdom of God. This means that we do nothing at all except what the king of God’s kingdom would himself do for his kingdom. When we take this service upon ourselves we enter into mortal danger.

      —Eberhard Arnold

      Foreword

      Here published for the first time is the story of my grandfather’s resistance to National Socialism. My parents were young adults when Hitler came to power, and I grew up hearing the story from them. They both experienced the Gestapo raid of the community my grandfather founded after refusing to vote for Hitler in the plebiscite of November 1933. My father was lined up against the wall with other young men and thought they would all be shot. My parents’ wedding took place hurriedly two years later so that they could use their “honeymoon” to escape the military draft by fleeing to England.

      The Gestapo would come again, and this time they told the community that they had only twenty-four hours to pack up and leave. Community members could take only what they could carry on their backs. It was April and the community lived in the Rhön mountains where it was terribly cold and windy. There were many little babies, mothers and children. Several young men, including my father-in-law, were put into a Nazi prison. He never expected to come out alive, but by the grace of God he did. In fact, all of us safely escaped Nazi Germany.

      We eventually made our way to England and then several years later, right during the war, we were forced to emigrate to South America. I was six months old when my parents risked a voyage across the submarine-infested Atlantic to the jungles of Paraguay. It was in these conditions that I grew up, and it was clear to me from childhood on that radical discipleship would mean suffering for my faith.

      I have lived for more than fifty years in the United States, where the Bruderhof Communities have been allowed to live in peace. For this I am very grateful. But I am also very worried about what is happening in our country today. We are living in a culture of death, where euthanasia, capital punishment, abortion, physician-assisted suicide, and on-going military action are a mainstay of everyday life. We don’t know where it will end!

      There have been dramatic political and economic shifts as well. The level of frustration, anger, and fear combined with an ever-increasing rhetoric of hate and blame remind me a lot of the 1920s and 30s in Germany. We hear rumors of war, and governments on both sides of the Atlantic encroach on religious liberties, making it more and more difficult to live as true disciples of Jesus.

      This brings me back to my grandfather. Engraved on his tombstone is the following verse from Revelations: “Blessed are the dead who die in the Lord henceforth . . . They may rest from their labors, for their deeds follow them.” This epitaph seems particularly fitting when viewed through the lens of history. He died seventy-five years ago. Yet, while Hitler’s “Thousand Year Reich” crumbled in defeat after a mere twelve years, the Bruderhof movement continues to flourish. More than that, however, my grandfather’s prophetic vision speaks right into our situation and the questions that face society today.

      I am struck by his literal understanding of the words of Jesus in the Sermon on the Mount: “Love your enemy. Pray for those who persecute you.” My grandfather rejected power politics on the one hand but also spiritual quietism on the other. He practiced the politics of love: “You can love a man only when you have understood what is living in him,” he told his community. “We have to find an inner understanding with the Nazis, and then we have to represent to them the politics of the kingdom of Jesus Christ. After coming to a heart-to-heart exchange with them, when we confront them with the policy of the coming

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