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      Simon Garfield is the author of eighteen acclaimed books of non-fiction including Timekeepers, A Notable Woman (as editor), To the Letter, On the Map and Just My Type. His study of AIDS in Britain, The End of Innocence, won the Somerset Maugham Award. simongarfield.com

      Praise for Simon Garfield

      ‘A one-man Blue Peter team for intelligent adults, a great British explainer’ Observer

      ‘Witty, erudite and entertaining’

      Esquire

      ‘Garfield has a talent for being sparked to life by esoteric enthusiasm and charming readers with his delight’

      The Times

      ‘A sort of museum between hard covers . . .

      as good as pop history gets’

      Sunday Express

      ‘Simon Garfield has made his name as an author who can spin fascinating narratives out of subjects that seem, on the face of it, narrow to the point of being dull’

      Financial Times

      ‘With a magpie’s appetite for glittering trivia, Garfield is as eager to amuse as to inform, and achieves both’

      Telegraph

      Also by Simon Garfield

       Expensive Habits

       The End of Innocence

       The Wrestling

       The Nation’s Favourite

       The Last Journey of William Huskisson

      Our Hidden Lives (ed.)

      We Are at War (ed.)

      Private Battles (ed.)

       The Error World

       Mini

       Exposure

       Just My Type

       On the Map

       To the Letter

      My Dear Bessie (ed.)

      A Notable Woman (ed.)

       Timekeepers

      This edition published in Great Britain and Canada in 2018

      by Canongate Books Ltd, 14 High Street, Edinburgh EH1 1TE

      Distributed in Canada by Publishers Group Canada

      First published in Great Britain in 2000 by Faber & Faber Ltd, London

       canongate.co.uk

      This digital edition first published in 2018 by Canongate Books

      Copyright © Simon Garfield, 2000

      The moral right of the author has been asserted

      British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available on request from the British Library

      ISBN 978 1 78689 278 2

      eISBN 978 1 78689 279 9

      Typeset in Adobe Caslon Pro by Biblichor Ltd, Edinburgh

      Contents

       List of Illustrations

       Part One: INVENTION

       1 The Celebrity

       2 Not the Land of Science

       3 Floating in the Air

       4 The Recipe

       5 Hindrance and Synthesis

       6 Mauve Measles

       7 The Terrible Glare

       8 Madder

       9 Poisoning the Clientele

       Part Two: EXPLOITATION

       10 Red Letter Days

       11 Self-Destruction

       12 The New Eventuality

       13 Physical Acts

       14 Fingerprints

       Author’s Note

       Acknowledgements

       Bibliography

       Index

       Illustrations

      List of Illustrations

      PLATE 1

       William Perkin in 1852 (Science Photo Library)

       August Wilhelm von Hofmann (1818–92), engraving by C. Cook (Sheila Terry/Science Photo Library)

       William Henry Perkin and his wife, Jemima Harriott, in 1860 (Science Museum/Science & Society Picture Library)

      PLATE 2

       Print from recipe book of Roberts, Dale & Co., Cornbrook Chemical Works, 1862 (Museum of Science and Industry/ Science & Society Picture Library)

       Perkin’s original bottle of mauveine dye (Science Museum/ Science & Society Picture Library)

      PLATE 3

       Silk dress, c. 1862, dyed with Perkin’s original mauve aniline dye (Science Museum/Science

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