LITMIR.BIZ

       Series Editors: Ingo Trauschweizer and David J. Ulbrich

       Editorial Board

      Janet Bednarek

      Michael W. Doyle

      Nicole Etcheson

      Joseph Fitzharris

      John Grenier

      John Hall

      Paul Herbert

      James Westheider

      Lee Windsor

      Hero of the Angry Sky: The World War I Diary and Letters of David S. Ingalls, America’s First Naval Ace, edited by Geoffrey L. Rossano

      Protecting the Empire’s Frontier: Officers of the 18th (Royal Irish) Regiment of Foot during Its North American Service, 1767–1776, by Steven M. Baule

      Citizen-General: Jacob Dolson Cox and the Civil War Era, by Eugene D. Schmiel

      Veteran Narratives and the Collective Memory of the Vietnam War, by John A. Wood

      Home Front to Battlefront: An Ohio Teenager in World War II, by Frank Lavin

      The Art of Occupation: Crime and Governance in American-Controlled Germany, 1944–1949, by Thomas J. Kehoe

       THE ART OF OCCUPATION

       Crime and Governance in American-Controlled Germany, 1944–1949

       Thomas J. Kehoe

      OHIO UNIVERSITY PRESS

      ATHENS

      Ohio University Press, Athens, Ohio 45701

       ohioswallow.com

      © 2019 by Ohio University Press

      All rights reserved

      To obtain permission to quote, reprint, or otherwise reproduce or distribute material from Ohio University Press publications, please contact our rights and permissions department at (740) 593–1154 or (740) 593–4536 (fax).

      Printed in the United States of America

      Ohio University Press books are printed on acid-free paper ™

      29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 5 4 3 2 1

       Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

      Names: Kehoe, Thomas J., 1980- author.

      Title: The art of occupation : crime and governance in American-controlled Germany, 1944-1949 / Thomas J. Kehoe.

      Other titles: Crime and governance in American-controlled Germany, 1944-1949

      Description: Athens, OH : Ohio University Press, [2019] | Series: War and society in North America | Includes bibliographical references and index.

      Identifiers: LCCN 2019014946| ISBN 9780821423820 (hbk. : alk. paper) | ISBN 9780821446812 (pdf)

      Subjects: LCSH: Military government--Germany (West) | Police--Germany (West)--History. | Crime--Germany (West)--History. | Criminal justice, Administration of--Germany (West)--History. | Germany--Social conditions--1945-1955. | Germany--History--1945-1955.

      Classification: LCC DD257.2 .K37 2019 | DDC 940.087/4--dc23

      LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2019014946

       For my beautiful daughter Maeve Eleanor, 2017–2019

      Contents

       Acknowledgments

       Introduction

       Part I: Tradition and an Unprecedented Enemy

       Planning and First Steps

       1 Crime and Control in American Military Thought

       2 A Conflict of Visions?

       3 A Violent Transition

       Part II: Destruction, Disorder, Fear, and Fantasy

       The Direct Military Occupation of Germany, 1945–1946

       4 Order and Disorder

       5 Common Enemies

       6 Thieves and Gangs

       7 Power and Discretion

       Part III: Enduring Legacies, 1947–1949

       Threat, Policing, and a Culture of Anxiety

       8 Civilianization, Germanization, and the Rise of German-Led Policing

       9 Winters of Discontent

       10 Myth Formation and the End of Military Government

       Conclusion

       Appendix: The Military Government Legal Code

       Proclamations, Ordinances and Laws Issuedby Allied Military Government in Germany

       Glossary of Terms

       Notes

       Bibliography

       Index