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and “Die Büchse der Pandora,” two plays which constitute an integral whole, deal with a lady who embraces Mrs. Warren's profession. These, with “Der Leibestrank” and “Oaha,” two farces, with traces of real psychology, round out the total of Wedekind's dramatic works. In addition, he has indulged in verse-making and written a number of short stories somewhat in the manner of De Maupassant.

      One may feel at times that Wedekind's art would gain by the exercise of more restraint, but there is no denying it is a great relief from “lyric lemonade.”

      An attempt to explain symbolism is usually a dangerous matter. If a failure, it makes the one who essays the task ridiculous. If successful, it cheapens the value of the symbolism; symbolism being a kind of an overtone to verbal reasoning, to which it bears much the same relationship as music does to poetry. In spite of this double danger, the translator ventures to close this review with a guess at the personality of the Masked Man who plays such an important part in the final scene of “Frühlings Erwachen” and to whom the author has dedicated the play. To the translator, then, this mysterious personage is none other than Life, Life in its reality, not Life as seen through the fogged glasses of Melchior's pedagogues or the purblind eyes of the unfortunate mother who sends her daughter to an untimely grave.

FRANCIS J. ZIEGLER.

      June, 1909.

      ACT I

      SCENE FIRST

A Dwelling RoomWendla

      Why have you made my dress so long, Mother?

Frau Bergmann

      You are fourteen years old to-day.

Wendla

      Had I known you were going to make my dress so long, I would rather not have been fourteen.

Frau Bergmann

      The dress is not too long, Wendla. What do you want? Can I help it that my child is two inches taller every spring? As a grown-up maiden you cannot go about in short dresses.

Wendla

      At any rate, my short dress becomes me better than this nightgown.—Let me wear it again, Mother, only through this summer. This penitential robe will fit me just as well whether I am fifteen or fourteen. Let's put it aside until my next birthday, now I should only tear the flounces.

Frau Bergmann

      I don't know what to say. I want to take special care of you just now, child. Other girls are hardy and plump at your age. You are the contrary.–Who knows what you will be when the others have developed?

Wendla

      Who knows—possibly I shall not be at all.

Frau Bergmann

      Child, child, how do such thoughts come to you!

Wendla

      Don't, dear Mother, don't be sad.

Frau Bergmann(Kissing her.)

      My own darling!

Wendla

      They come to me at night when I can't sleep. I am not made sad by them, and I believe that I sleep better after them. Is it sinful, Mother, to have such thoughts?

Frau Bergmann

      Go hang the long dress up in the closet. Put on your short dress again, in God's name!—I will put another depth of ruffles on it.

Wendla(Hanging the dress in the closet.)

      No, I would rather be twenty at once–!

Frau Bergmann

      If only you are not too cold!–The dress was long enough for you in its time, but–

Wendla

      Now, when summer is coming?–Mother, when one is a child, one doesn't catch diphtheria in one's knees! Who would be so cowardly. At my age one doesn't freeze—least of all in the legs. Would it be any better for me to be too warm, Mother? Give thanks to God if some day your darling doesn't tear out the sleeves and come to you at twilight without her shoes and stockings!—If I wore my long dress I should dress like an elfin queen under it.—Don't scold, Mother! Nobody sees it any more.

      SCENE SECOND

Sunday EveningMelchior

      This is too tiresome for me. I won't do anything more with it.

Otto

      Then we others can stop, too!–Have you the work, Melchior?

Melchior

      Keep right on playing!

Moritz

      Where are you going?

Melchior

      For a walk.

George

      But it's growing dark!

Robert

      Have you the work already?

Melchior

      Why shouldn't I go walking in the dark?

Ernest

      Central America!–Louis the Fifteenth!–Sixty verses of Homer!–Seven equations!

Melchior

      Damn the work!

George

      If only Latin composition didn't come to-morrow!

Moritz

      One can't think of anything without a task intervening.

Otto

      I'm going home.

George

      I, too, to work.

Ernest

      I, too, I too.

Robert

      Good-night, Melchior.

Melchior

      Sleep well! (All withdraw save Moritz and Melchior.) I'd like to know why we really are on earth!

Moritz

      I'd rather be a cab-horse than go to school!–Why do we go to school?–We go to school so that somebody can examine us!–And why do they examine us?–In order that we may fail. Seven must fail, because the upper classroom will hold only sixty.–I feel so queer since Christmas.–The devil take me, if it were not for Papa, I'd pack my bundle and go to Altoona to-day!

Melchior

      Let's talk of something else–

(They go for a walk.)Moritz

      Do you see that black cat there with its tail sticking up?

Melchior

      Do you believe in omens?

Moritz

      I don't know exactly. They come down to us. They don't matter.

Melchior

      I believe that is the Charybdis on which one runs when one steers clear of the Scylla of religious folly.–Let's sit down under this beech tree. The cool wind blows over the mountains. Now I should like to be a young dryad up there in the wood to cradle myself in the topmost branches and be rocked the livelong night.

Moritz

      Unbutton your vest, Melchior.

Melchior

      Ha!–How clothes make one puff up!

Moritz

      God knows, it's growing so dark that one can't see one's hand before one's eyes. Where are you?–Do you believe, Melchior, that the feeling of shame in man is only a product of his education?

Melchior

      I was thinking over that for the first time the day before yesterday. It seems to me deeply rooted in human nature. Only think, you must appear entirely clothed before your best friend. You wouldn't do so if he didn't do the same thing.–Therefore, it's more or less of a fashion.

Moritz

      I have often thought that if I have children, boys and girls, I will let them occupy the same room; let them sleep together in the same bed, if possible; let them help each other dress and undress night and morning. In hot weather, the boys as well as the girls, should wear nothing all day long but a short white woolen tunic with a girdle.–It seems to me that if they grew up that way they would be easier in mind than we are under the present regulations.

Melchior

      I believe so decidedly, Moritz!–The only question is, suppose the girls have children, what then?

Moritz

      How could they have children?

Melchior

      In that respect I believe in instinct.

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