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Палио (известное в Италии как Il Palio) – это традиционные скачки, проходящие дважды в год: 2 июля и 16 августа в Сиене. Из 17 имеющихся в Сиене контрад в состязании 2 июля участвуют 10, а 16 августа – остальные 7. Каждая контрада имеет свой герб и традиционные цвета, в которые одевается представляющий её всадник. Самые ранние из известных предшественников скачек проходили в средние века. Каждая сиенская контрада носит имя животного или какого-то объекта, и у каждой имеется богатая история, геральдика и мифология.

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      См. Хейзинга Й. Осень Средневековья: исследование форм жизненного уклада и форм мышления в XIV и XV веках во Франции и Нидерландах. 7-е изд., СПб.: Издательство Ивана Лимбаха, 2016.

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      Уильям Кекстон (ок. 1422—1491) – английский первопечатник. В 1470-х годах он основал первую типографию в Лондоне неподалёку от Вестминстерского аббатства.

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