LITMIR.BIZ

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problems stemming from: the legacy of longtime Communist mismanagement of the economy; large foreign debt; damage during the fighting to bridges, factories, power lines, buildings, and houses; the large refugee population, both Croatian and Bosnian; and the disruption of economic ties to Serbia and the other former Yugoslav republics, as well as within its own territory. At the minimum, extensive Western aid and investment, especially in the tourist and oil industries, would seem necessary to salvage a desperate economic situation. However, peace and political stability must come first; only then will recent government moves toward a "market-friendly" economy reverse the sharp drop in output. As of May 1994, fighting continues among Croats, Serbs, and Muslims, and national boundaries and final political arrangements are still in doubt. National product: GDP - purchasing power equivalent - $21.8 billion (1992 est.) National product real growth rate: −19% (1992 est.) National product per capita: $4,500 (1992 est.) Inflation rate (consumer prices): 26% monthly average (1993 est.) Unemployment rate: 21% (December 1993) Budget: revenues: $NA expenditures: $NA, including capital expenditures of $NA Exports: $3.9 billion (f.o.b., 1993) commodities: machinery and transport equipment 30%, other manufacturers 37%, chemicals 11%, food and live animals 9%, raw materials 6.5%, fuels and lubricants 5% (1990) partners: EC countries, Slovenia Imports: $4.7 billion (c.i.f., 1993) commodities: machinery and transport equipment 21%, fuels and lubricants 19%, food and live animals 16%, chemicals 14%, manufactured goods 13%, miscellaneous manufactured articles 9%, raw materials 6.5%, beverages and tobacco 1% (1990) partners: EC countries, Slovenia, FSU countries External debt: $2.6 billion (December 1993) Industrial production: growth rate −5.9% (1993 est.) Electricity: capacity: 3,570,000 kW production: 11.5 billion kWh consumption per capita: 2,400 kWh (1992) Industries: chemicals and plastics, machine tools, fabricated metal, electronics, pig iron and rolled steel products, aluminum reduction, paper, wood products (including furniture), building materials (including cement), textiles, shipbuilding, petroleum and petroleum refining, food processing and beverages Agriculture: Croatia normally produces a food surplus; most agricultural land in private hands and concentrated in Croat-majority districts in Slavonia and Istria; much of Slavonia's land has been put out of production by fighting; wheat, corn, sugar beets, sunflowers, alfalfa, and clover are main crops in Slavonia; central Croatian highlands are less fertile but support cereal production, orchards, vineyards, livestock breeding, and dairy farming; coastal areas and offshore islands grow olives, citrus fruits, and vegetables Economic aid: $NA Currency: 1 Croatian dinar (CD) = 100 paras; a new currency, the kuna, replaced the dinar on 30 May 1994 Exchange rates: Croatian dinar per US $1 - 6,544 (January 1994), 3,637 (15 July 1993), 60.00 (April 1992) Fiscal year: calendar year

      @Croatia, Communications

      Railroads:

       2,592 km of standard guage (1.435 m) of which 864 km are electrified

       (1992); note - disrupted by territorial dispute

       Highways:

       total:

       32,071 km

       paved:

       23,305 km

       unpaved:

       gravel 8,439 km; earth 327 km (1990)

       Inland waterways:

       785 km perennially navigable

       Pipelines:

       crude oil 670 km; petroleum products 20 km; natural gas 310 km (1992);

       note - now disrupted because of territorial dispute

       Ports:

       coastal - Omisalj (oil), Ploce, Rijeka, Split; inland - Osijek,

       Slavonski Samac, Vukovar, Zupanja

       Merchant marine:

       28 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 108,194 GRT/131,880 DWT, cargo

       18, container 1, oil tanker 1, passenger 2, refrigerated cargo 1,

       roll-on/roll-off cargo 2, short-sea passenger 3

       note:

       also controlled by Croatian shipowners are 151 ships (1,000 GRT or

       over) under flags of convenience - primarily Malta and St. Vincent -

       totaling 2,221,931 GRT/3,488,263 DWT; includes cargo 60, roll-on/

       roll-off 8, refrigerated cargo 4, container 12, multifunction large

       load carriers 3, bulk 45, oil tanker 9, liquified gas 1, chemical

       tanker 4, service vessel 5

       Airports:

       total:

       75

       usable:

       70

       with permanent-surface runways:

       16

       with runways over 3,659 m:

       0

       with runways 2,440–3,659 m:

       7

       with runways 1,220–2,439 m:

       5

       Telecommunications:

       350,000 telephones; broadcast stations - 14 AM, 8 FM, 12 (2 repeaters)

       TV; 1,100,000 radios; 1,027,000 TVs; satellite ground stations - none

      @Croatia, Defense Forces

      Branches:

       Ground Forces, Naval Forces, Air and Air Defense Forces

       Manpower availability:

       males age 15–49 1,182,767; fit for military service 946,010; reach

       military age (19) annually 33,166 (1994 est.)

       Defense expenditures:

       337 billion-393 billion Croatian dinars, NA% of GDP (1993 est.); note

       - conversion of defense expenditures into US dollars using the current

       exchange rate could produce misleading results

      @Cuba, Geography

      Location:

       Caribbean, in the northern Caribbean Sea, 145 km south of Key West

       (Florida)

       Map references:

       Central America and the Caribbean, North America, Standard Time Zones

       of the World

       Area:

       total area:

       110,860 sq km

       land area:

       110,860 sq km

       comparative area:

       slightly smaller than Pennsylvania

       Land boundaries:

       total 29 km, US Naval Base at Guantanamo Bay 29 km

       note:

       Guantanamo is leased and as such remains part of Cuba

       Coastline:

       3,735 km

       Maritime claims:

       exclusive economic zone:

       200 nm

       territorial sea:

       12 nm

       International disputes:

       US Naval Base at Guantanamo Bay is leased to US and only mutual

       agreement or US abandonment of the area can terminate the lease

       Climate:

       tropical; moderated by trade winds; dry season (November to April);

       rainy season (May to October)

       Terrain:

       mostly flat to rolling plains with rugged hills and mountains in the

       southeast

       Natural resources:

       cobalt, nickel, iron ore, copper, manganese, salt, timber, silica,

       petroleum

       Land use:

      

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