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       with growth averaging 5% annually, one of the highest rates in Africa.

       Subsequently, growth has slowed to an average of roughly 1.5%

       annually, only half the population growth rate. Political turmoil and

       misguided government investment have derailed economic reform programs

       sponsored by the IMF and World Bank.

       National product:

       GDP - purchasing power equivalent - $7 billion (1993 est.)

       National product real growth rate:

       NA

       National product per capita:

       $2,900 (1993 est.)

       Inflation rate (consumer prices):

       −0.6% (1991 est.)

       Unemployment rate:

       NA%

       Budget:

       revenues:

       $765 million

       expenditures:

       $952 million, including capital expenditures of $65 million (1990)

       Exports:

       $1.1 billion (f.o.b., 1990)

       commodities:

       crude oil 72%, lumber, plywood, coffee, cocoa, sugar, diamonds

       partners:

       US, France, other EC countries

       Imports:

       $704 million (c.i.f., 1990)

       commodities:

       foodstuffs, consumer goods, intermediate manufactures, capital

       equipment

       partners:

       France, Germany, Italy, Spain, other EC countries, US, Japan, Brazil

       External debt:

       $4.1 billion (1991)

       Industrial production:

       growth rate 1.2% (1989); accounts for 33% of GDP; includes petroleum

       Electricity:

       capacity:

       140,000 kW

       production:

       315 million kWh

       consumption per capita:

       135 kWh (1991)

       Industries:

       petroleum, cement, lumbering, brewing, sugar milling, palm oil, soap,

       cigarette

       Agriculture:

       accounts for 13% of GDP (including fishing and forestry); cassava

       accounts for 90% of food output; other crops - rice, corn, peanuts,

       vegetables; cash crops include coffee and cocoa; forest products

       important export earner; imports over 90% of food needs

       Economic aid:

       recipient:

       US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70–90), $63 million; Western

       (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970–90), $2.5

       billion; OPEC bilateral aid (1979–89), $15 million; Communist

       countries (1970–89), $338 million

       Currency:

       1 CFA franc (CFAF) = 100 centimes

       Exchange rates:

       Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (CFAF) per US$1 - 592.05

       (January 1994), 283.16 (1993), 264.69 (1992), 282.11 (1991), 272.26

       (1990), 319.01 (1989)

       note:

       beginning 12 January 1994, the CFA franc was devalued to CFAF 100 per

       French franc from CFAF 50 at which it had been fixed since 1948

       Fiscal year:

       calendar year

      @Congo, Communications

      Railroads:

       797 km, 1.067-meter gauge, single track (includes 285 km that are

       privately owned)

       Highways:

       total:

       11,960 km

       paved:

       560 km

       unpaved:

       gravel or crushed stone 850 km; improved earth 5,350 km; unimproved

       earth 5,200 km

       Inland waterways:

       the Congo and Ubangi (Oubangui) Rivers provide 1,120 km of

       commercially navigable water transport; the rest are used for local

       traffic only

       Pipelines:

       crude oil 25 km

       Ports:

       Pointe-Noire (ocean port), Brazzaville (river port)

       Airports:

       total:

       41

       usable:

       37

       with permanent-surface runways:

       5

       with runways over 3,659 m:

       0

       with runways 2,440–3,659 m:

       1

       with runways 1,220–2,439 m:

       16

       Telecommunications:

       services adequate for government use; primary network is composed of

       radio relay routes and coaxial cables; key centers are Brazzaville,

       Pointe-Noire, and Loubomo; 18,100 telephones; broadcast stations - 4

       AM, 1 FM, 4 TV; 1 Atlantic Ocean satellite earth station

      @Congo, Defense Forces

      Branches:

       Army, Navy (including Marines), Air Force, National Police

       Manpower availability:

       males age 15–49 551,151; fit for military service 280,372; reach

       military age (20) annually 24,441 (1994 est.)

       Defense expenditures:

       $NA, NA% of GDP

      @Cook Islands

      Header Affiliation: (free association with New Zealand)

      @Cook Islands, Geography

      Location: Oceania, Polynesia, 4,500 km south of Hawaii in the South Pacific Ocean, about halfway between Hawaii and New Zealand Map references: Oceania Area: total area: 240 sq km land area: 240 sq km comparative area: slightly less than 1.3 times the size of Washington, DC Land boundaries: 0 km Coastline: 120 km Maritime claims: continental shelf: 200 nm or the edge of continental margin exclusive economic zone: 200 nm territorial sea: 12 nm International disputes: none Climate: tropical; moderated by trade winds Terrain: low coral atolls in north; volcanic, hilly islands in south Natural resources: negligible Land use: arable land: 4% permanent crops: 22% meadows and pastures: 0% forest and woodland: 0% other: 74% Irrigated land: NA sq km Environment: current issues: NA natural hazards: subject to typhoons (November to March) international agreements: party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change; signed, but not ratified - Law of the Sea

      @Cook Islands, People

      Population:

       19,124 (July 1994 est.)

       Population growth rate:

       1.15% (1994 est.)

      

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