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Isoamyl alcohol −79 Dry ice Sulfur dioxide −82 Liquid N₂ Ethyl acetate −84 Liquid N₂ n‐Butanol −89 Liquid N₂ Hexane −94 Liquid N₂ Acetone −94 Liquid N₂ Toluene −95 Liquid N₂ Methanol −98 Liquid N₂ Cyclohexene −104 Liquid N₂ Isooctane −107 Liquid N₂ Ethyl iodide −109 Liquid N₂ Carbon disulfide −110 Liquid N₂ Butyl bromide −112 Liquid N₂ Ethanol −116 Liquid N₂ Ethyl bromide −119

Cooling agent	Organic solvent or inorganic salt	Temperature (°C)
Liquid N2	Acetaldehyde	−124
Liquid N2	Methylcyclohexane	−126
Liquid N2	1‐Propanol	−127
Liquid N2	n‐Pentane	−131
Liquid N2	1,5‐Hexadiene	−141
Liquid N2	Isopentane	−160
Liquid N2	None	−196
Liquid He	None	−269

      Dry ice is the solid form of carbon dioxide (CO₂).

      Ice is the frozen water.

      Liquid N₂ is the liquid state of nitrogen.

      Liquid He is the liquid state of helium.

Further Reading

      1 1 Rondeau, R.E. (1966). J. Chem. Eng. Data 11: 124.

      2 2 Phipps, A.M. and Hume, D.N. (1968). J. Chem. Educ. 45: 664.

      3 3 Lee, D.W. and Jensen, C.M. (2000). J. Chem. Educ. 77: 629.

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