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they are unknown for you, find some information in the text.

      National Geographic

      Reader’s Digest

      Cosmopolitan, Vogue

      Time

      Newsweek

      Scientific American

      Psychology Today

      U.S. News and World Report

      The Atlantic Monthly

      Harvard Educational Review

      Saturday Review

      The New Republic

      National Review

      Foreign Affairs

      Smithsonian

      The New Yorker

      2 . Read and translate the text

      There are over 11,000 magazines and periodicals in the United States. More than 4,000 of them appear monthly, and over 1,300 are published each week. They cover all topics and interests, from art and architecture to tennis, from aviation and gardening to computers and literary criticism. Quite a few have international editions, are translated into other languages, or have "daughter" editions in other countries. Among the many internationals are National Geographic, Reader's Digest, Cosmopolitan, Vogue, Time, Newsweek, Scientific American, and Psychology Today.

      The weekly newsmagazines – the best known are Time, Newsweek, and U.S. News & World Report – serve as a type of national press. They also have considerable international impact, above all Time. This newsmagazine appears each week in several international editions. There are some for various parts of the United States, for the Far East, for Australia, for Europe, and so on. Time claims that although the advertising changes in each edition, the content remains the same internationally. This is not quite true: in the U.S. editions, for instance, there is no section called "European Notes." In any case, no other single news publication is read so widely by so many people internationally as is Time.

      There are two other reasons why Time has such international influence. First, several other newsmagazines were modeled on Time. Among these are the leading newsmagazines in France, Germany, and Italy. Secondly, Time also sells news, news features, interviews, photographs, graphics, and charts to other publications throughout the world. Feature stories that first appear in Time are therefore echoed in many other publications in many other countries.

      The newsmagazines are all aimed at the average, educated reader. There are also many periodicals which treat serious educational, political, and cultural topics at length. The best known of these include The Atlantic Monthly, Harvard Educational Review, Saturday Review, The New Republic, National Review, Foreign Affairs, Smithsonian, and, of course, The New Yorker. Such widely read periodicals, along with the hundreds of professional journals, provide a broad and substantial forum for serious discussion. Again, a lot of what first appears in these publications is often reprint internationally or in book form. Many of the long The New Yorker essays, for example, have later appeared in shortened form in publications such as England's The Observer Magazine or Germany's Die Zeit.

      There is a strong market for such serious publications. National Geographic has an average circulation of over 10 million, Consumer Reports some 3 million, Smithsonian (published by the Smithsonian Institution in Washington D.C.) over 2 million copies, Scientific American (U.S. edition) over 700,000, and Saturday Review – and The New Yorker over half a million each. More popular and less demanding publications, such as Family Circle, Woman's Day, or National Enquirer, of course, have a huge readership and sell over 4.5 million copies of each issue. Altogether, there are about 60 magazines in the United States that sell over 1 million copies per issue each, and roughly the same number with more than 500,000 copies per issue.

      3 . Translate and transcribe the following words and expressions, learn them by heart. Find the sentences where they were used and write them out.

      Magazine, periodical, to publish, topic, criticism, edition, weekly, considerable, impact, various, to claim, content, for instance, single, reason, influence, leading, graphics, throughout, to echo, average, political, substantial, discussion, essay, to shorten, publication, circulation, to demand, readership, issue.

      4 . Fill in the gaps using the words from the given below. Change the form if necessary.

      Daughter edition, to claim, average, discussion, publication, issue, various, content, edition, criticism.

      1. Many international newspapers and magazines have … in different countries of the world.

      2. The editors … that the topics of the articles remain the same rarely, but the general idea of the magazine never changes.

      3. The magazines for women are aimed at an … woman, depending on her style of life only.

      4. Professional journals provide the readers with the field for serious … about the topics of interest: business, finance, politics or other.

      5. The … of the story about a poor African family was banned because of the false facts: the journalist opened his secret to his colleague and then the truth was discovered.

      6. Every … of this magazine contains information about the celebrities, popular movies, music and other information.

      7. You can’t judge a person by the type of the magazine he buys from time to time: people change their mind often and choose … subjects.

      8. He never liked the … of popular magazines, in fact he considered it all waste of time and money.

      9. If you want to be in staff of … of a popular newspaper, you should know at least two foreign languages and be a skillful journalist.

      10. Few editors can stand …: they can follow the advice of journalists of a higher rank or their experienced colleagues.

      5. Match the definitions with the words.

      6 . Answer the questions.

      1. Do the newspapers differ, depending on how often they are issued? What is the reason for this division?

      2. What topics do the American newspapers cover?

      3. Are they national American editions?

      4. What means “daughter” edition? Do Russian newspapers or magazines have such editions?

      5. What are the most famous American newsmagazines?

      6. What kind of impact does Time have? Does it have any “daughter” editions?

      7. What can you say about the content of Time?

      8. Is this newspaper the same all over the world?

      9. Are there any reasons for such influence of Time?

      10. Where does it have its copies?

      11. What is the usual reader of the newsmagazines?

      12. What do the professional periodicals provide?

      13. Do the articles from these newsmagazines appear in any other form?

      14. What is the usual circulation for these newsmagazines?

      7 . Translate the following phrases. Pay attention to the use of prepositions. Find the sentences where they were used in the text and read them out. To translate into a language To be modeled on Time To be aimed at the average reader To provide a forum for serious discussion To sell over 1 million copies per issue.

      8 . Fill in the proper prepositions.

      1. According … the statistics, most European magazines were modeled… time.

      2. All newspapers have their own readers: … example, Cosmopolitan is aimed … a fashionable single woman.

      3. Cheap newspapers sell … million copies daily.

      4. Most international editions are translated … foreign languages … order to provide the reader

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