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a) The time at which an arriving aircraft, upon reaching the radio aid serving the destination aerodrome, will commence the instrument approach procedure for a landing

       b) The time at which an arriving aircraft expects to arrive over the appropriate designated navigation aid serving the destination aerodrome

       c) The holding time over the radio facility from which the instrument approach procedure for a landing will be initiated

       d) The time at which ATC expects that an arriving aircraft, following a delay, will leave the holding point to complete its approach for a landing

      8. What does the term "visual approach" mean?

       a) An approach executed by a VFR flight unable to maintain VMC

       b) A visual manoeuvre executed by an IFR flight when the weather conditions at the aerodrome of destination are equal to or better than required VMC minima

       c) An approach by an IFR flight when either part or all of an instrument approach procedure is not completed and the approach is executed in visual reference to terrain

       d) An extension of an instrument approach procedure to bring an aircraft into position for landing on a runway which is not suitable located for straight-in-approach

      9. What does the term "Automatic Terminal Information Service" mean?

       a) A service established to provide information concerning en-route weather phenomena which may effect the safety of aircraft operation

       b) A service by which aircraft operating within a flight information region (FIR) are provided with current meteorological and operational information essential for the safety of air navigation

       c) The provision of current routine information to arriving and departing aircraft by means of continuous and repetitive broadcast throughout the day or a specific portion of the day

       d) A service which provides aircraft with weather reports relating to a specific number of aerodromes located within a flight information region (FIR)

      10. What does the term "way point" mean?

       a) A defined position on an aerodrome used for the calibration of the inertial navigation system

       b) A specified geographical position used to define an area navigation route or the flight path of an aircraft employing area navigation

       c) A general term meaning the taxiway- and the runway-system on an international airport

       d) A signal indicating the direction of the runway-in-use

      11. What does the abbreviation "INS" mean?

       a) Inertial navigation system

       b) Instrument navigation system

       c) International NOTAM service

       d) International navigation service

      12. What does the abbreviation "TCAS" mean?

       a) Traffic alert and collision avoidance system

       b) Terminal control and advisory system

       c) Tower cabin alarm stop

       d) Track confirmation by automatic sources

      13. What is the meaning of the term "flight level"?

       a) A pressure level based on regional QNH

       b) A level in the atmosphere for vertical separation which is determined by setting the altimeter to local QNH

       c) A level in the atmosphere for vertical separation which is determined by setting the altimeter to local QFE

       d) A level in the atmosphere for vertical separation which is determined by setting the altimeter to 1013,2 hPa

      14. What does the abbreviation "SELCAL" mean?

       a) A system in which radiotelephony communication can be established between aircraft only

       b) A system which permits the selective calling of individual aircraft over radiotelephony channels linking a ground station with the aircraft

       c) A system in which radiotelephony communication between two stations can take place in both directions simultaneously

       d) A system provided for direct exchange of information between air traffic services (ATS) units

      15. What does the abbreviation "SSR" mean?

       a) Search and surveillance radar

       b) Secondary surveillance radar

       c) Surface strength of runway

       d) Standard snow report

      16. What does the abbreviation "RNAV" mean?

       a) Area navigation

       b) Radar aided navigation

       c) Route navigation

       d) Radio navigation

      17. What does the abbreviation "RVR" mean?

       a) Runway visual range

       b) Radar vectors requested

       c) Runway visibility report

       d) Recleared via route...

      18. What does the abbreviation "HJ" mean?

       a) Sunrise to sunset

       b) Sunset to sunrise

       c) No specific working hours

       d) Continuous day and night service

      19. QNH is the radio telephony Q-code to indicate:

       a) The atmospheric pressure at aerodrome elevation (or at runway threshold)

       b) The altimeter sub-scale setting to obtain elevation when on the ground

       c) The atmospheric pressure measured at the aerodrome reference point (ARP)

       d) The atmospheric pressure referred to the highest obstacle located on the surface of an aerodrome

      20. If you are requested to report your height, to which Q-code setting would you refer?

       a) QNH

       b) QFE

       c) QDM

       d) QBI

      21. If you are requested to report your altitude, to which Q-code setting would you refer?

       a) QNH

       b) QFE

       c) QFF

       d) QNJ

      22. What does QDM mean?

       a) Magnetic bearing to the station

       b) Magnetic bearing from the station

       c) True heading to the station (no wind)

       d) True bearing from the station

      23. QFE is the radio telephony Q-code to indicate:

       a) The atmospheric pressure referred to the highest obstacle located on the surface of an aerodrome

       b) The atmospheric pressure referred to a point on the surface of the earth

       c) The altimeter sub-scale setting to obtain elevation when on the ground

       d) The atmospheric pressure at aerodrome elevation (or runway threshold)

      24. What is the Q-code for "magnetic bearing to the station"?

       a) QDM

       b) QDR

       c) QNE

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