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= 1, CP_f = 1, T_ab = alpha*DP_f + beta*CP_f, residual battery life, E = 100 (Enter power for each node), Ef = 60 (Enter power required to forward single packet), Eq = 30 (Enter dissipated power of the equipment), RBL = E/(Ef + Eq), hop count, fitness function, k1 = 0.1, fit = (Hopcount*k1) + (1 − T_ab) + (1/RBL), as shown in Figure 6.24.

      6.6.4 Routing Nodes

A snapshot of the graph of good and bad nodes. A snapshot of the graph of fitness function.

      An important structure of CrANs has been proposed, designing, simulating, and characterizing of the adhoc network application. The design that we proposed is implemented in Edraw Max and MATLAB simulator. The results are more accurate than the previous adhoc networks (WSN, MANETs, VANETs, and FANETs). If we compare the results of WSN, MANETs, VANETs, and FANETs with CrANs, we can find out that CrANs is better than previous adhoc networks. The proposed design is simple, compact, and easy to simulate.

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      1 *Corresponding author: [email protected]

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