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Introduction 17.2 Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Biomass 17.3 Factors Influencing HTL Products 17.4 Separation of Bioproducts Derived From HTL of Biomass 17.5 Characterization and Application of HTL Products 17.6 Conclusion References 18 Industrial Applications of Cellulose Extracted from Agricultural and Food Industry Wastes 18.1 Introduction 18.2 Cellulose Biomass 18.3 Derivatization 18.4 Method of Preparation 18.5 Applications 18.6 Conclusion References 19 Valorization of Lignin Toward the Production of Novel Functional Materials 19.1 Introduction 19.2 Various Pre-Treatment Methods for Separation of Lignin From Biomass 19.3 Characterization Techniques for Lignin 19.4 Lignin-Based Nanomaterials 19.5 Lignin Reinforced with Polymer-Based Composites 19.6 Lignin-Based Adhesives References 20 Characterization and Valorization of Sludge From Textile Wastewater Plant for Positive Environmental Applications 20.1 Introduction 20.2 Characterization of Sludge 20.3 Treatment of Sludge 20.4 Valorization of Sludge 20.5 Conclusion References 21 Impact of Biofertilizers in Sustainable Growth of Agriculture Sector 21.1 Introduction 21.2 Types of Biofertilizers 21.3 Methods of Application of Biofertilizers 21.4 Types of Bioformulations 21.5 Points of Interest of Utilizing Biofertilizers 21.6 Impact of Biofertilizers on Soil Microorganisms 21.7 International Market of Biofertilizers 21.8 Upgradation of Biofertilizer Utilization for Sustainable Agricultural Production 21.9 Limitations in Biofertilizer Technology 21.10 Conclusions References 22 Valorization of Agricultural Wastes as Low-Cost Adsorbents Towards Efficient Removal of Aqueous Cr(VI) 22.1 Introduction 22.2 Influence of Adsorption Parameters on Cr(VI) Uptake 22.3 Kinetics of Adsorption 22.4 Adsorption Isotherm Models 22.5 Adsorption Thermodynamics 22.6 Evaluation of Adsorption Capacities and Mechanism of Adsorption 22.7 Conclusion Acknowledgement References

      7  Index

      8  End User License Agreement

      List of Illustrations

      1 Chapter 1Figure 1.1 Reasons for energy crisis on earth.Figure 1.2 Distribution of sources of energy.Figure 1.3 Photosynthesis process in plants [13].Figure 1.4 Strategies for the fabrication of photocatalysts [15].

      2 Chapter 2Figure 2.1 Schematical diagram of structure of supply chain biobased aromatics.Figure 2.2 Sources of lignocellulose.Figure 2.3a Lignin content in various types of plants (Gymnosperms).Figure 2.3b Composition of Lignin in different plants (Eudicotyledons).Figure 2.3c Presence of Lignin in different plants (Monocotyledons).Figure 2.4 Schematic diagram for processing of lignin.

      3 Chapter 3Figure 3.1 Different methods for biomass transformation to fuels and value-added...Figure 3.2 Different sources of biomass.

      4 Chapter 4Figure 4.1 Transesterification reaction for biodiesel production.Figure 4.2 Steps involved in the transesterification process.Figure 4.3 Transesterification reaction for biodiesel production.Figure

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