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      Scrivener Publishing 100 Cummings Center, Suite 541J Beverly, MA 01915-6106

       Astrobiology Perspectives on Life of the Universe

       Series Editors: Richard Gordon and Joseph Seckbach

      In his 1687 book Principia, Isaac Newton showed how a body launched atop a tall mountain parallel to the ground would circle the Earth. Many of us are old enough to have witnessed the realization of this dream in the launch of Sputnik in 1957. Since then our ability to enter, view and understand the Universe has increased dramatically. A great race is on to discover real extraterrestrial life, and to understand our origins, whether on Earth or elsewhere. We take part of the title for this new series of books from the pioneering thoughts of Svante Arrhenius, who reviewed this quest in his 1909 book The Life of the Universe as Conceived by Man from the Earliest Ages to the Present Time. The volumes in Astrobiology Perspectives on Life of the Universe will each delve into an aspect of this adventure, with chapters by those who are involved in it, as well as careful observers and assessors of our progress. Guest editors are invited from time to time, and all chapters are peer-reviewed.

      Publishers at Scrivener Martin Scrivener ([email protected]) Phillip Carmical ([email protected])

      Planet Formation and Panspermia

      New Prospects for the Movement of Life through Space

      Edited by

       Branislav Vukotić

       Astronomical Observatory, Belgrade, Serbia

       Richard Gordon

       Gulf Specimen Marine Laboratory & Aquarium, Panacea, FL, USA and Wayne University, Detroit, MI, USA

      and

       Joseph Seckbach

       The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel

      This edition first published 2021 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA and Scrivener Publishing LLC, 100 Cummings Center, Suite 541J, Beverly, MA 01915, USA

      © 2021 Scrivener Publishing LLC

      For more information about Scrivener publications please visit www.scrivenerpublishing.com.

      All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, except as permitted by law. Advice on how to obtain permission to reuse material from this title is available at http://www.wiley.com/go/permissions.

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       Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

      ISBN 978-1-119-64039-4

      Cover image: Courtesy of NASA

      Cover design by Russell Richardson

      Set in size of 11pt and Minion Pro by Manila Typesetting Company, Makati, Philippines

      Printed in the USA

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