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      William Collins

      An imprint of HarperCollinsPublishers

      1 London Bridge Street

      London SE1 9GF

       www.WilliamCollinsBooks.com

      First published in Great Britain by Harper Perennial in 2006

      This book is a revised and updated version of A Concise History of the Spanish Civil War, first published by Fontana Press in 1996, revised and updated from The Spanish Civil War 1936–1939, first published by Weidenfeld & Nicolson in 1986

      First published in Great Britain by William Collins 2016

      Copyright © Paul Preston 1986, 1996, 2006, 2016

      Paul Preston asserts the moral right to be identified as the author of this work

      A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library

      Cover photograph © Keystone/Getty Images

      Map © Hardlines

      All rights reserved under International and Pan-American Copyright Conventions. By payment of the required fees, you have been granted the non-exclusive, non-transferable right to access and read the text of this e-book on screen. No part of this text may be reproduced, transmitted, down-loaded, decompiled, reverse engineered, or stored in or introduced into any information storage and retrieval system, in any form or by any means, whether electronic or mechanical, now known or hereinafter invented, without the express written permission of HarperCollins.

      Source ISBN: 9780007232079

      Ebook Edition © July 2012 ISBN: 9780007370061

      Version: 2017-05-04

      This book is dedicated to the memory of David Marshall and to the other men and women of the International Brigades who fought and died fighting fascism in Spain.

      Contents

       Cover

       Title Page

       Copyright

       Dedication

       Map of Spain

       Preface

       Introduction: The Civil War Eighty Years On

       1 A Divided Society: Spain Before 1931

       2 The Leftist Challenge, 1931–1933

       3 Confrontation and Conspiracy, 1934–1936

       4 ‘The Map of Spain Bleeds’: From Coup d’État to Civil War

       5 ‘Behind the Gentleman’s Agreement’: The Great Powers Betray Spain

       6 ‘Madrid is the Heart’: The Central Epic

       7 Politics behind the Lines: Reaction and Terror in the City of God

       8 Politics behind the Lines: Revolution and Terror in the City of the Devil

       9 Defeat by Instalments

       10 Franco’s Peace

       Epilogue

       Principal Characters

       Glossary

       List of Abbreviations

       Bibliographical Essay

       Acknowledgements

       Index

       About the Author

       Also by Paul Preston

      I wrote the first version of this book thirty years ago. My intention then was to provide the new reader with a manageable guide to the bibliographical labyrinth constituted by the fact that the Spanish Civil War has continued to be fought on paper. Even then there had been several thousand books on the Spanish Civil War and many of them were extremely long. Because the flow did not stop, I rewrote the book in 1996 in order to take account of what had been published in the ten years following its first appearance. At that point, I could not have imagined how much more was still to come. Accordingly, in 2006 I wrote a much expanded version in an attempt to come to terms with the very considerable body of scholarship which has been published in Spanish, Catalan, English and other European languages since 1996. It also drew on my own ongoing research on Franco, the Francoist repression and Mussolini’s role in the Spanish Civil War. Over the following years, the flood has not abated, and in this new edition I take account of the most important advances in knowledge about the war as well as drawing on my recent research on the role of Franco, on the murders of civilians behind the lines on both sides, on anti-clerical persecution, on the bombing of Guernica, and on way in which the war ended.

      Inevitably, the 2006 edition of

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