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Jessie’s Story: Heroism, heartache and happiness in the wartime women’s forces. Duncan Barrett
Читать онлайн.Название Jessie’s Story: Heroism, heartache and happiness in the wartime women’s forces
Год выпуска 0
isbn 9780007517541
Автор произведения Duncan Barrett
Жанр Биографии и Мемуары
Издательство HarperCollins
HarperElement
An imprint of HarperCollinsPublishers
1 London Bridge Street
London SE1 9GF
First published by HarperElement 2015
© Duncan Barrett and Nuala Calvi 2015
Cover layout design © HarperCollinsPublishers Ltd 2015
Cover photographs (not representations of the women portrayed herein) © George W. Hales/Getty Images (WAAF officer); The Everett Collection/Mary Evans Picture Library (military officer); IWM Collection (WRNS officer); London Fire Brigade/Mary Evans Picture Library (background)
Duncan Barrett and Nuala Calvi assert the moral right
to be identified as the authors of this work
A catalogue record of this book is
available from the British Library
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Source ISBN: 9780007501229
Ebook Edition © May 2015 ISBN: 9780007517541
Version: 2015-03-17
For
Cathleen Alexander (ATS, 1941–1946)
Anne Barrett (ATS, 1943–1944)
and in memory of
Jane Bekhor (WAAF, 1941–1943)
Contents
In the summer of 1940, Britain stood alone against Germany. One by one, the other Allied nations – France, Belgium, Holland, Norway, Denmark and Poland – had all surrendered, and America and the Soviet Union were yet to join the war. But for all the brave talk of fighting the enemy on the beaches, the country was outgunned – and outmanned as well. The British Army stood at just over one and a half million men, while the Germans had three times that many, plus a population almost twice the size of Britain’s from which to draw new waves of soldiers.
Clearly, in the fight against Hitler, manpower alone wasn’t going to be enough.
During the First World War, all three branches of the British military had formed a female auxiliary service, but the new organisations had been mothballed soon after hostilities came to a close. In the build-up to a second global conflict they were hastily recalled to life, and it was now that the women’s forces really came into their own.
Initially, both the Army and the RAF were supported by the Auxiliary Territorial Service, or ATS, but two months before Britain declared war on Germany in 1939, the Women’s Auxiliary Air Force (WAAF) split off and became a separate organisation. Fulfilling an equivalent role in relation to the Navy was the Women’s Royal Naval Service. Among the women’s forces, the WRNS was considered the ‘senior service’, just as the Navy was among the three male forces. Its members – thanks to its unwieldy acronym – were known as ‘Wrens’.
In fact, settling on a suitable name for the organisation had proved quite a minefield. It came close to being christened the Women’s Auxiliary Naval Corps, until someone realised that the abbreviation ‘WANC’ might provoke jibes from the sailors its members worked alongside.
Of the three services, the WRNS was generally regarded as the classiest, and was by far the hardest to get in to, unless you had the right naval connections. Being a Wren was seen as rather glamorous, in part thanks to the distinctive navy blue uniform, which had been designed by the celebrated couturier Edward Molyneux. While the WAAF and ATS outfits featured belted waists and pleated pockets that were unflattering on the hips, the WRNS jacket was straight and streamlined, and the officer’s tricorne hat was much admired.