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      UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PRESS

      BerkeleyLos AngelesLondon

      CENTER FOR STUDIES IN HIGHER EDUCATION

      Berkeley

      The Center for Studies in Higher Education at the University of California, Berkeley, is a multidisciplinary research and policy center on higher education oriented to California, the nation, and comparative international issues. CSHE promotes discussion among university leaders, government officials, and academics; assists policy making by providing a neutral forum for airing contentious issues; and keeps the higher education world informed of new initiatives and proposals. The Center’s research aims to inform current debate about higher education policy and practice.

      University of California Press, one of the most distinguished university presses in the United States, enriches lives around the world by advancing scholarship in the humanities, social sciences, and natural sciences. Its activities are supported by the UC Press Foundation and by philanthropic contributions from individuals and institutions. For more information, visit www.ucpress.edu.

      University of California Press

      Berkeley and Los Angeles, California

      University of California Press, Ltd.

      London, England

      © 2013 by The Regents of the University of California

      Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

      Smelser, Neil J.

      Dynamics of the contemporary university : growth, accretion, and conflict / Neil J. Smelser.

      pages cm

      ISBN 978-0-520-27581-2 (hardback)

      eISBN: 9780520955257

      1. Universities and colleges—United States. 2. Universities and colleges—Administration—United States. 3. Educational change—United States. I. Title.

      LA227.4.S581 2013

      378.73—dc232012039812

      Manufactured in the United States of America

      22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13

      10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

      In keeping with a commitment to support environmentally responsible and sustainable printing practices, UC Press has printed this book on Rolland Enviro 100, a 100% post-consumer fiber paper that is FSC certified, deinked, processed chlorine-free, and manufactured with renewable biogas energy. It is acid-free and EcoLogo certified.

      Contents

      Acknowledgments

      1.Dynamics of American Universities

       Apologia

       What Kind of Creature is Higher Education?

       Functions

       The Problematic Status of “Functions”

       Moral Embeddedness

       Structural Changes Accompanying Growth

       Increasing the Size of Units

       Segmentation of Units

       Differentiation

       Proliferation

       Coordination

       A Peculiar Case in Higher Education: Structural Accretion

       A Historical Sketch of the Process

       The Discipline-Based Academic Department: So Strong and Yet So Frail

       The Organized Research Unit as Distraction from Departments

       Reactions and Conflicts Endemic in the Process of Accretion

       Conditions Producing the Endemic Pattern

       Two Long-term Consequences of Accretion

       The Structuring of Faculty Activities

       Implications for Academic Community

      2.The Dynamics Ramify: Academic Politics, Conflict, and Inequality

       Instabilities Imposed on Inertial Stability

       Of Pythons and Goats

       Economic Fluctuations

       Competitors for Resources

       Relevance to Accretion

       Accretion and the Growth of Political Constituencies

       Internal Constituencies

       External Constituencies

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