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na babaedaughter-in-lawmanugang na lalakison-in-lawbayawbrother-in-lawbilassister-in lawpamangkinniece/nephewalagang pusapet catalagang asopet dogalagang hayoppetsinowhoSino siya?Who + he/she? Who is he/she?Kapatid ko siya.Sibling + my + he/she. He/she is my brother/sister.itothisSino ito?Who + this? Who is this?Alagang pusa ko ito.Pet cat + my + this. This is my pet cat.

      To talk about the gender and age, you can use the following words, phrases and sentences.

babae	woman/female
lalaki	man/male
bakla	gay
lesbiana	lesbian
transgender	transgender
Babae ang anak ko.	Female + ang + child + my. My child is female.
bata	young (adjective) (this can also mean child)
matanda	old
pa	still or yet (in this chapter)
bata pa	still young
mga anak	children
Bata pa ang mga anak ko.	Young + still + ang + children + my.My children are still young.
na	already (in this chapter)
matanda na	already old
Matanda na ang mga magulang ko.	Old + already + ang + parents + my.My parents are already old.
nasa	at, in, or on (in this chapter)
sapat	sufficient
gulang	age
nasa sapat na gulang	adult (literally, at sufficient age)
nasa sapat na gulang na	already an adult (literally, adult already)
Nasa wastong gulang na ako.	Adult + already + I. I am an adult.
bata	child (in this chapter)
Bata siya.	Child + he/she. He/she is a child.

      Here are some adjectives, phrases, and sentences that you can use when talking about your family members:

maganda	beautiful; pretty (used for women)
guwapo/makisig	handsome (used for men)
mabait	good
masungit	grouchy
matalino	intelligent
matulungin	helpful
mahiyain	shy
masipag	hard-working
mayaman	rich
mahirap	poor
madaldal	talkative
matangkad	tall (used for people)
palakaibigan	friendly
Matangkad ang nanay ko.	Tall + ang + mother + my. My mother is tall.
Matulungin ang tatay ko.	Helpful + ang + father + my.My father is helpful.

       SENTENCE PRACTICE

      Study the following sentence patterns, and then try to fill in the blanks.

       Ako si Melissa. Cynthia ang pangalan ng nanay ko. Matalino siya.

       Siya si Sarah. Arnold ang pangalan ng kapatid niya. Mabait si Arnold.

       Ako si _________________. _____________ ang pangalan ng ___________

       ko. ______________________ siya.

      Now, try to write more sentences describing the members of your family.

      ___________________________________________________________________

      ___________________________________________________________________

      VOCABULARY AND CULTURE TIP (Familiarity) When you go shopping in the Philippines, some vendors or salespeople may call you ate (elder sister) or kuya (elder brother). Meanwhile, some news reporters call their audiences kapamilya (of the same family). Filipinos try to build personal connections by using words that refer to family members. Don’t be offended if someone calls you Elder Brother or Elder Sister!

       VOCABULARY AND SENTENCE STRUCTURE

      Review the adjectives you learned earlier in this chapter, and see how comparatives are used:

mas	more
bata	young
mas bata	younger (literally, more young)
mas bata siya	younger + he/she. he/she is younger
akin	I, me, or my
sa	preposition used to mean in, on, or at
kaysa	than
kaysa sa akin	than me
Mas bata siya kaysa sa akin.	Younger + he/she + than + me.He/she is younger than me.
mas matangkad	taller
Mas matangkad siya kaysa sa akin.	Taller + he/she + than + I. He/she is taller than me.
pero	but
Mas bata siya kaysa sa akin pero mas matangkad.	Younger + he/she + than + me + but + taller.He/she is younger than me but taller.
pinaka-	prefix, most
pinakamatangkad	tallest (literally, most tall)
Pinakamatangkad ang tatay ko.	Tallest + ang + father + my.My father is the tallest.
pinakamaganda	most beautiful
sa pamilya	in the family
Pinakamaganda ang nanay ko sa pamilya.	Most beautiful + ang + mother + my + in + family.My mother is the most beautiful in the family.

       GRAMMAR

       Comparatives and Superlatives

      For comparatives, we use the words mas (more) before the adjective and kaysa (than) between the two people/objects being compared. In the sentence patterns below, note the use of the object marker kay (used when comparing people), and the preposition sa (used after kaysa with pronouns or when comparing objects). Kaysa can be omitted in conversational Tagalog.

kay	object marker used before names or proper nouns
kaysa kay Sarah	than Sarah
sa	preposition used to mean in, an, on, Скачать книгу В начало < 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 > В конец