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The buttercup yellow blooms, which may come singly or in pairs on the stem, have neat petals and small cups contrasting well with the deep green foliage.

       4. Narcissus ‘Topolino’

      One of the earliest varieties to flower. The petals are creamy white, making a lovely contrast with the neatly shaped, flared trumpet. Reasonably quick to multiply, and reliable in good, rich soil, this is a valuable miniature daffodil.

       5. Narcissus ‘Jetfire’

      A vigorous and dependable cyclamineus hybrid with buttercup yellow petals, slightly swept back, and a trumpet which matures to rich orange red. Bulks up more quickly than many hybrids.

       6. Narcissus ‘Rip van Winkle’

      An oddity whose cultivation dates back several centuries. The petals are split or shredded, giving a dandelion-like impression. Short stems, vigorous and, if not beautiful, at least jolly in colour and appearance.

       7. Narcissus bulbocodium

      The elegant little ‘hoop petticoat’ narcissus grow wild on the Iberian peninsula. They prefer moist but free-draining soils and, where happy, will self-seed and naturalise readily. For Alpine style meadows, they are superb but will also flourish in gravel, or in a rock garden.

       8. Narcissus obvallaris

      The Tenby Daffodil, an early species with upright stems and golden flower which are remarkably weather resistant. Ultimate height is 25cm (10in), but the flowers open while the stems are still short.

       9. Narcissus pseudonarcissus

      The true wild daffodil, short in stature, but big in charm. The pale petals lie along the darker gold trumpet until the flower is fully mature. Best in moist grassland, and easier to establish in high rainfall.

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Bulbs: medium and tall for summer

       Eremurus robustus

      Desert Candle, Giant Foxtail Lily Bulbous perennial

       R. Ditchfield

      A beautiful monster with broad, fleshy roots arranged in a star or spider shape. Coarse, strap-like leaves grow almost 1m (3ft 3in) high before the thick, rigid flower spikes rear up. These are densely packed with fluffy pink flowers, whose tepals show greenish brown veining.

      Soil preference: Free-draining, never wet

      Aspect: Sun

      Season of interest: Summer

      Height and spread: Up to 3m × 90cm (9ft 9in × 3ft)

      Companion plants: An individualist but dramatic when included singly or in small groups among such dry-loving shrubs as Jerusalem sage (Phlomis fruticosa), Teucrium fruticans or against the white clouds of Crambe cordifolia.

       Allium ‘Purple Giant’

      Drumstick Allium Hardy bulb

      Member of the onion family with green, glossy leaves which begin to wither before the bold flower spikes mature. These are topped with massed, deep purple blooms arranged in a drumstick formation. A free self-seeder, best sited where other foliage will help to disguise the withering leaves.

      Soil preference: Fertile, but free-draining

      Aspect: Sun or part shade

      Season of interest: Early summer

      Height and spread: 1m × 20cm (3ft × 8in)

      Companion plants: Frequently used to furnish the base of a laburnum tunnel, where the purple and yellow flowers can contrast, but also beautiful naturalized with other drumstick alliums among tall grasses.

       Dierama pulcherrimum

      Angel’s Fishing Rod, Wand Flower Corm-bearing perennial

      A South African native and strikingly beautiful in outline. Narrow, evergreen, sword-shaped leaves form a dense clump from among which graceful, arching wands develop. These divide into branches of wiry, nodding stems whose almost transparent, papery buds open to reveal bold reddish-purple flowers which hang like lanterns.

      Soil preference: Free-draining

      Aspect: Sun

      Season of interest: Summer

      Height and spread: 1.5m × 30cm (5ft × 1ft)

      Companion plants: Best when sited to create a focal point, perhaps in gravel, where it can set off sedges and grasses. Smaller species such as Dierama dracomontanum also make interesting companions.

       Galtonia candicans

      Summer Hyacinth Marginally hardy bulb

      Bold, strap-like leaves surround a big, rigid stem whose top third, in summer, is furnished with bell-shaped waxy white flowers. These are held well away from the stem and hang downwards gracefully. Gently fragrant and a relatively free self-seeder.

      Soil preference: Any free-draining

      Aspect: Sun

      Season of interest: Summer

      Height and spread: 1m × 30cm (3ft 3in × 1ft)

      Companion plants: A good plant to distribute among old fashioned roses or to include with a cool colour scheme of anchusas, campanulas and Anaphalis.

       Gladiolus hybrids

      Tender, corm-bearing perennials

      Large group of frost tender, corm-bearing plants derived mainly from South African species, with flat, ribbed, swords-haped leaves and tall spikes bearing showy, open-throated blooms with flared tepals in mainly vivid colours through purples, pinks, reds, oranges, and yellows to lime green and white. Many are bicolours. ‘Grandiflorus’ kinds have the largest blooms; ‘Primulinus’ have narrower leaves and hooded flowers and ‘Nanus’ types are dwarf.

      Soil preference: Free-draining

      Aspect: Sun

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