Скачать книгу

p. 100.

      31

      Fernand Braudel, Civilisation and Capitalism, 15th—18th Centuries (3 vols, 1984), III, p. 93; Letters, «Gazetteer of Markets and Fairs».

      32

      Braudel, Civilisation and Capitalism, III, p. 27.

      33

      Braudel, Civilisation and Capitalism, III, p. 113.

      34

      Letters, «Gazetteer of Markets and Fairs».

      35

      Michael Clanchy, From Memory to Written Record: England 1066–1307 (2nd edn, 1993).

      36

      Цитата по W. L. Warren, King John (1961), pp. 245–246.

      37

      William Woodville Rockhill (ed.), The Journey of William of Rubruck to the Eastern Parts of the World 1253–1255 (1900), pp. 211, 223.

      38

      Robert S. Gottfried, The Black Death (1983), p. 25.

      39

      Адаптировано из примера, приведенного в Geoffrey Parker, The Global Crisis: War, Climate Change and Catastrophe in the Seventeenth Century (2013), pp. 19–20.

      40

      Эта цифра основана на моих пересмотренных данных численности населения Европы в 1300 г. (см. Приложение).

      41

      В Ole J. Benedictow, The Black Death, 1346–1353: The Complete History (2004) приводится цифра смертности в Англии в 1348–1351 гг. в 62,5%. Цифру в 45% см. в Приложении.

      42

      Benedictow, Black Death, p. 283, цитата из Marchionne di Coppo Stefani, trans. in J. Henderson, «The Black Death in Florence: Medical and Communal Responses», in Death in Towns (1992), p. 145.

      43

      Benedictow, Black Death, p. 291 (смертность во Флоренции); Gottfried, Black Death (1983), p. 47 (Боккаччо).

      44

      Gottfried, Black Death, p. 49.

      45

      Benedictow, Black Death, p. 356.

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

Скачать книгу