Триумф семян: Как семена покорили растительный мир и повлияли на человеческую цивилизацию - Тор Хэнсон

Скачать книгу

названием «биосталь». – Прим. ред.

      5

      Интересно, что Карл Линней отнес все споровые растения (в том числе папоротники, плауны, хвощи и др.) к группе тайнобрачных, поскольку половое размножение у этих растений было неизвестно. Считалось, что половой процесс (брак) может быть только у цветковых (явнобрачных). – Прим. ред.

      6

      Трансекта – проложенная по земле на пробном участке изучаемого биоценоза узкая и очень длинная прямоугольная площадка для исследования размещения видов, численности, проективного покрытия, продуктивности и других параметров. Иногда трансекту разрывают в серию площадок (метод пунктирной трансекты). – Прим. ред.

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

Скачать книгу